Due to the unique characteristics of macrocycles (e.g., the ease of modification, hydrophobic cavities, and specific guest recognition), they can provide a suitable environment to realize photocatalysis via noncovalent interactions with different substrates. In this minireview, we emphasized the photochemical transformation and catalytic reactivity of different guests based on the binding with various macrocyclic hosts as well as on the role of macrocyclic-hosts-assisted hybrid materials in energy transfer. To keep the clarity of this review, the macrocycles are categorized into the most commonly used supramolecular hosts, including crown ethers, cyclodextrins, cucurbiturils, calixarenes, and pillararenes. This minireview not only summarizes the role that macrocycles play in photocatalytic reactions but also clarifies the photocatalytic mechanisms. Finally, the future research efforts and new pathways to apply macrocycles and supramolecular hybrid materials in photocatalysis are also discussed.

中文翻译：

---

深入了解功能化大环引导的超分子光催化


由于大环化合物的独特特性（例如，易于修饰、疏水空腔和特定客体识别），它们可以提供合适的环境，通过与不同底物的非共价相互作用来实现光催化。在这篇小综述中，我们强调了不同客体基于与各种大环主体的结合的光化学转化和催化反应性，以及大环主体辅助杂化材料在能量转移中的作用。为了保持本综述的清晰性，大环化合物被分为最常用的超分子主体，包括冠醚、环糊精、葫芦脲、杯芳烃和柱芳烃。这篇小综述不仅总结了大环化合物在光催化反应中的作用，而且阐明了光催化机制。最后，还讨论了大环化合物和超分子杂化材料在光催化中应用的未来研究工作和新途径。