• Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are widely recognized as an ecologically important defensive response of plants against herbivory. Although the induction of this ‘cry for help’ has been well documented, only a few studies have investigated the inhibition of HIPVs by herbivores and little is known about whether herbivores have evolved mechanisms to inhibit the release of HIPVs.
• To examine the role of herbivore effectors in modulating HIPVs and stomatal dynamics, we conducted series of experiments combining pharmacological, surgical, genetic (CRISPR‐Cas9) and chemical (GC‐MS analysis) approaches.
• We show that the salivary enzyme, glucose oxidase (GOX), secreted by the caterpillar Helicoverpa zea on leaves, causes stomatal closure in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) within 5 min, and in both tomato and soybean (Glycine max) for at least 48 h. GOX also inhibits the emission of several HIPVs during feeding by H. zea, including (Z)‐3‐hexenol, (Z)‐jasmone and (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate, which are important airborne signals in plant defenses.
• Our findings highlight a potential adaptive strategy where an insect herbivore inhibits plant airborne defenses during feeding by exploiting the association between stomatal dynamics and HIPV emission.

中文翻译：

---

消除警报：昆虫唾液酶关闭植物气孔并抑制挥发物释放

• 
  食草动物诱导的植物挥发物（HIPV）被广泛认为是植物针对食草动物的一种重要的生态防御反应。尽管这种“呼救声”的诱导已有充分记录，但只有少数研究调查了食草动物对 HIPV 的抑制，并且对于食草动物是否进化出抑制 HIPV 释放的机制知之甚少。
• 
  为了研究食草动物效应器在调节 HIPV 和气孔动力学中的作用，我们结合药理学、外科手术、遗传 (CRISPR-Cas9) 和化学 (GC-MS 分析) 方法进行了一系列实验。
• 
  我们发现叶上毛虫Helicoverpa zea分泌的唾液酶葡萄糖氧化酶 (GOX) 会在 5 分钟内导致番茄 ( Solanum lycopersicum ) 气孔关闭，并在番茄和大豆 ( Glycine max ) 中持续至少 48 小时。 GOX 还能抑制玉米须藻进食期间多种 HIPV 的发射，包括 ( Z )-3-己烯醇、( Z )-茉莉酮和 ( Z )-3-乙酸己烯酯，它们是植物防御中重要的空气传播信号。
• 
  我们的研究结果强调了一种潜在的适应性策略，即食草昆虫通过利用气孔动力学和 HIPV 排放之间的关联来抑制进食过程中植物的空气防御。