Neuroendocrine and neuroimmune responses in male and female rats: evidence for functional immaturity of the neuroimmune system during early adolescence,European Journal of Neuroscience

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Neuroendocrine and neuroimmune responses in male and female rats: evidence for functional immaturity of the neuroimmune system during early adolescence
European Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 , DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15118
Paige Marsland ₁ , Allissa Parrella ₁ , Maya Orlofsky ₁ , Dennis F Lovelock ₁ , Andrew S Vore ₁ , Elena I Varlinskaya ₁ , Terrence Deak ₁

Affiliation

Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by rapid behavioral and physiological changes, including enhanced vulnerability to stress. Recent studies using rodent models of adolescence have demonstrated age differences in neuroendocrine responses and blunted neuroimmune responding to pharmacological challenges. The present study was designed to test whether this neuroimmune insensitivity would generalize to a non-pharmacological stress challenge. Male and female adolescent (P29-33) and adult (P70-80) Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to intermittent footshock for one-, two-, or two-hours + recovery. Plasma corticosterone and progesterone levels as well as gene expression of several cytokines and c-Fos gene expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), the medial amygdala (MeA), and the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) were analyzed. The results of the present study demonstrated differences in response to footshock, with these differences dependent on age, sex, and brain region of interest. Adult males and females demonstrated time-dependent increases in IL-1β and IL-1R2 in the PVN, with these changes not evident in adolescent males and substantially blunted in adolescent females. TNFα expression was decreased in all regions of interest, with adults demonstrating more suppression relative to adolescents and age differences more apparent in males than in females. IL-6 expression was affected by footshock predominantly in the vHPC of adolescent and adult males and females, with females demonstrating prolonged elevation of IL-6 gene expression. In summary, central cytokine responses to acute stressor exposure are blunted in adolescent rats, with the most pronounced immaturity evident for the brain IL-1 signaling system.

中文翻译：

雄性和雌性大鼠的神经内分泌和神经免疫反应：青春期早期神经免疫系统功能不成熟的证据

青春期是一个以快速的行为和生理变化为特征的发育时期，包括对压力的脆弱性增强。最近使用青春期啮齿动物模型的研究表明，神经内分泌反应存在年龄差异，神经免疫对药理学挑战的反应迟钝。本研究旨在测试这种神经免疫不敏感性是否会推广到非药物应激挑战。雄性和雌性青春期 (P29-33) 和成年 (P70-80) Sprague Dawley 大鼠暴露于间歇性电击一小时、两小时或两小时 + 恢复。血浆皮质酮和孕酮水平以及几种细胞因子的基因表达和下丘脑室旁核 (PVN)、内侧杏仁核 (MeA) 中的 c-Fos 基因表达，和腹侧海马 (vHPC) 进行了分析。本研究的结果表明对电击的反应存在差异，这些差异取决于年龄、性别和感兴趣的大脑区域。成年男性和女性表现出 PVN 中 IL-1β 和 IL-1R2 的时间依赖性增加，这些变化在青春期男性中不明显，而在青春期女性中显着减弱。TNFα 表达在所有感兴趣的区域都减少了，成年人表现出相对于青少年更多的抑制，男性的年龄差异比女性更明显。IL-6 表达主要在青少年和成年男性和女性的 vHPC 中受到电击的影响，女性表现出 IL-6 基因表达的长期升高。总之，

更新日期：2021-01-18

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