Anqing six‐end‐white (AQ) pig performs well on resistance to coarse fodder and disease, reproduction and meat quality, offering high potential for exploitation. Environmental conditions and strict selections from local farmers have cultivated the AQ pig to be an outstanding and unique local pig breed. Thus we aim to detect genetic positive selection signatures within the AQ pig population to explore underlying genetic mechanisms. A relative extended haplotype homozygosity (REHH) test was performed in the population of 79 AQ pigs to seek evidence demonstrating that selective actions have left an imprint on the whole genome. In total, 430 500 REHH tests were performed on 53 067 core regions with average REHH tests of 8.11, average lengths of 11.50 kb and an overall length of 610.38 Mb which accounted for 26.94% of the whole genome. Finally, a total of 1819 core haplotypes (P < 0.01) and 586 candidate genes were obtained. These genes were mainly related to meat quality (MYOG, SNX19), resistance to disease (CRISPLD2, CD14) and reproduction traits (ERBB2, NRP2). A panel of genes within the 30 top significant REHH tests was mainly categorized to traits of meat quality and disease resistance. Among 13 KEGG pathways, MAPK, GnRH and Oxytocin signaling pathways, associated with the biological processes of crucial economic traits, were noteworthy. The excellent characteristics of the AQ pig benefited from the combination of natural and human factors. We provide a sketch map that shows the distribution of selection footprints on the whole genome of AQ pig and found potential genes for future studies.

中文翻译：

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基于减少代表性基因组测序数据的安庆六头白猪种群的正选择签名

安庆六头白猪在抵抗粗饲料和疾病，繁殖和肉质方面表现出色，具有很高的开发潜力。环境条件和当地农民的严格选择已将AQ猪培育成为当地杰出和独特的猪种。因此，我们旨在检测AQ猪种群内的遗传阳性选择特征，以探索潜在的遗传机制。在79只AQ猪的种群中进行了相对扩展的单倍型纯合性（REHH）测试，以寻找证明选择性作用已在整个基因组上留下印记的证据。总共对53067个核心区域进行了430500次REHH测试，平均REHH测试为8.11，平均长度为11.50 kb，总长度为610.38 Mb，占整个基因组的26.94％。最后，P  ＜0.01），得到586个候选基因。这些基因主要与肉质（MYOG，SNX19），抗病性（CRISPLD2，CD14）和生殖性状（ERBB2，NRP2）有关。）。30个最重要的REHH测试中的一组基因主要分类为肉质和抗病性状。在13条KEGG途径中，与关键经济性状的生物过程相关的MAPK，GnRH和催产素信号传导途径是值得注意的。AQ猪的优异特性得益于自然因素和人为因素的结合。我们提供了一张草图，显示了选择足迹在AQ猪整个基因组中的分布，并找到了潜在的基因以供将来研究。