The non-sugar compounds such as lignin derived phenolic compounds, furans, and organic acids generated from biomass pretreatment are often inhibitors to microbial growth and function, leading to lower ethanol yield in cellulosic ethanol biorefinery. In this study, phenols (vanillin, vanillate), furans (furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural), and organic acids (acetate), which mimic the complex components of the non-sugar compounds in pretreated biomass hydrolysate, were either mixed with benzoate or used individually as carbon sources to investigate their effects on the growth and lipid accumulation of Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. Higher consumption rates of benzoate than that of vanillate, as well as different lipid yields from them, suggested that the strain preferred to employ the catechol branch of the β-ketoadipate pathway to catabolize benzoate and plausibly distinctly routed carbon to lipid biosynthesis when fed on different aromatics. Compared to benzoate, acetate was less favorable by R. jostii RHA1 for lipid synthesis, again emphasizing that carbon contribution to either lipid synthesis or cell biomass was selective, using different compounds as carbon sources. Among the five selected non-sugar compounds, the presence of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) promoted the highest lipid yield at 0.46 g lipid g⁻¹ CDW by using benzoate as the main carbon source. Furthermore, the oxidation pathway of furfural and 5-HMF was predicted for the first time in R. jostii RHA1 based on the characterization of the products by NMR.

非糖化合物，例如木质素衍生的酚类化合物，呋喃和由生物质预处理产生的有机酸，通常是微生物生长和功能的抑制剂，导致纤维素乙醇生物精炼厂乙醇产量降低。在这项研究中，模拟预处理生物质水解物中非糖类化合物复杂成分的酚类（香兰素，香草醛），呋喃（糠醛，5-羟甲基糠醛）和有机酸（乙酸盐）与苯甲酸酯混合或使用单独作为碳源来研究其对红球菌生长和脂质积累的影响RHA1。苯甲酸酯的消耗速率高于香草酸酯，并且它们的脂质产量不同，这表明该菌株更喜欢使用β-酮己二酸酯途径的邻苯二酚分支来分解苯甲酸酯，并且当饲喂不同的脂肪时，碳似乎可以明显地路由至脂质的生物合成芳香剂。与苯甲酸酯相比，R。jostii RHA1对脂质合成的乙酸盐不利性更高，再次强调使用不同的化合物作为碳源，碳对脂质合成或细胞生物质的贡献是选择性的。在五种选定的非糖化合物中，5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）的存在促进了0.46 g脂质g ^-1的最高脂质产量通过使用苯甲酸酯作为主要碳源的CDW。此外，基于NMR对产物的表征，首次在R. jostii RHA1中预测了糠醛和5-HMF的氧化途径。