With continued global change as a result of land use changes, invasive species and changing climatic patterns, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the adaptability of Senegalia senegal provenances to maximize resilience in managed and natural populations of this species. The objective of this study is to investigate Senegalia senegal genotypic differences in water use efficiency (WUE) measured by stable ¹³C isotope composition in foliage according to their ploidy levels. Secondary objectives are to discuss inherent adaptive variation related to soil pH, survival, growth indexes, gum arabic yield and WUE within provenance in the climate change context. A Senegalia senegal progeny trial, in Dahra, Senegal was used in this study: 443 adult trees consisting of 60 families nested within 4 provenances were assessed in this study. Results showed significant differences in gum yield among provenances (P = 0.0002) and families (P < 0.0001). Diamenar and Ngane provenances showed overall similar annual gum yield despite a lower tree survival rate of Ngane than Diamenar. Growth traits, especially stem volume index and crown area index were larger on Ngane provenance, which also displayed significantly higher foliar WUE and lower leaf area index (LAI) than the other provenances. WUE was positively correlated with gum yield (P = 0.0302), but the coefficient of determination was only 2%. Foliar δ¹³C varied significantly (P < 0.0001) between diploids (− 27.91‰) and polyploids (− 27.12‰). However, within each provenance no significant difference was found. Only 15% of isotope compositions could be explained by ploidy level variation. Differences found in growth and gum yield may be attributed to genotype-specific variation. However, a significant correlation between soil pH and tree survival rate was found (P = 0.0051; r = 0.60). This study confirmed a possible improvement of the gum arabic sector through genotype based selection. Ngane and Diamenar seem to be more profitable to grow in Dahra than the other tested provenances. Future research should investigate the effect of soil pH, other soil physical and chemical properties, and management activities to improve site quality on tree survival and gum yields among provenances. Further, more research is needed to clarify inherent traits underlying drought tolerance in the field and gum yield performance.

由于土地用途的变化，入侵物种和气候模式的变化，全球持续变化，因此，了解塞内加利亚塞内加尔种源的适应性以最大程度地提高该物种的管理种群和自然种群的适应力变得越来越重要。这项研究的目的是调查塞内加尔塞内加尔塞内加尔基因型在水分利用效率（WUE）方面的差异，该差异是通过叶片中稳定的¹³ C同位素组成根据其倍性水平来测量的。次要目标是讨论在气候变化背景下与土壤pH，存活率，生长指数，阿拉伯树胶产量和WUE相关的内在适应性变化。塞内加尔AS Enegalia此研究使用了塞内加尔达赫拉的后代试验：本研究评估了443棵成年树木，其中包括60个科，嵌套在4个种源中。结果表明，不同产地（P  = 0.0002）和家系（P  <0.0001）的口香糖产量存在显着差异。尽管树胶的成活率低于Diamenar，但Diamenar和Ngane的出处显示出总体上相似的年胶产量。Ngane种源的生长性状，特别是茎体积指数和树冠面积指数较大，与其他种源相比，叶面WUE值和叶面积指数（LAI）也要高得多。WUE与口香糖产量呈正相关（P  = 0.0302），但测定系数仅为2％。叶面δ ¹³C在二倍体（− 27.91‰）和多倍体（− 27.12‰）之间有显着差异（P  <0.0001）。但是，在每个出处内都没有发现显着差异。同位素水平的变化只能解释15％的同位素组成。在生长和口香糖产量中发现的差异可能归因于基因型特异性变异。然而，发现土壤pH值与树木成活率之间存在显着的相关性（P = 0.0051; r = 0.60）。这项研究证实通过基于基因型的选择可能改善阿拉伯树胶部门。Ngane和Diamenar在达赫拉（Dahra）种植的利润似乎比其他经过检验的种源更高。未来的研究应调查土壤pH值，其他土壤理化性质和管理活动的影响，以改善种源间树种存活率和树胶产量的站点质量。此外，需要更多的研究来阐明田间耐旱性和胶产量表现的内在特征。