Soil salinity is one of the most significant environmental constraints to global agricultural productivity. To meet the nutritional needs of the growing population, cereals such as wheat, which are essential for dietary products but also sensitive to salinity, must be improved to be either more resilient or less susceptible to salt stress. The main objective of this study was to examine the responses of advanced mutant lines to salt stress. Five-advanced mutant wheat lines, which were previously found to be drought tolerant, were grown under 150 mM NaCl stress conditions to see how they responded to salt stress conditions. They were generated via 200 Gy gamma-ray applications to the Sagittario commercial cultivar. The results show that the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), chlorophyll, and electrolyte leakage % did not change significantly. Mutant lines showed higher antioxidant defense system parameters (SOD, CAT, POX, and GR). Similarly, the amount of proline involved in intracellular homeostasis was higher in all mutants. Under saline stress, the expression of Triticum aestivum Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (TaSOS1) increased in all mutant lines, the expression of Triticum aestivum High-Affinity Potassium ion Transporter 2;1 (TaHKT2;1) increased in all except in mutant line 5, and the expression of Triticum aestivum Sodium ion / Hydrogen ion vacuolar antiporter (TaNa⁺/H⁺ vacuolar antiporter) increased in all except in mutant line 3. Synergetic interaction in the expression of the genes involved in signal transduction resulted in more intracellular K⁺. Overall, these results suggest that mutants’ responses to salinity stress is related to an ability to accumulate K⁺ in cells with synergetic expressional regulation of TaHKT2;1, TaNa⁺/H⁺ vacuolar antiporter, and TaSOS1 genes, in addition to responses of antioxidant enzyme activities and the accumulation of proline.

土壤盐分是全球农业生产力面临的最重大的环境制约因素之一。为了满足不断增长的人口的营养需求，必须改进谷物（例如小麦），这些谷物对膳食产品必不可少，但对盐分敏感，因此必须更具弹性或对盐胁迫的敏感性较小。这项研究的主要目的是研究高级突变株系对盐胁迫的响应。在150 mM NaCl胁迫条件下培育了五种先进的突变小麦系，这些系以前被发现具有耐旱性，以观察它们如何对盐胁迫条件作出反应。它们是通过将200 Gy伽马射线应用于Sagittario商业品种而产生的。结果表明，硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS），叶绿素，电解液泄漏率％没有明显变化。突变株系显示出更高的抗氧化防御系统参数（SOD，CAT，POX和GR）。同样，在所有突变体中，参与细胞内稳态的脯氨酸含量更高。在盐胁迫下，在所有突变株中，普通小麦的盐过度敏感1（Ta SOS1）均增加，除突变株5外，所有小麦中的高亲和性钾离子转运蛋白2; 1（Ta HKT2; 1）的表达均增加，并且小麦的表达小麦钠离子/氢离子液泡逆向转运蛋白（Ta Na ⁺ / H ⁺液泡逆向转运蛋白）除突变株3外均增加。信号转导相关基因表达的协同相互作用导致更多的细胞内K ⁺。总体而言，这些结果表明突变体对盐分胁迫的反应与钾^离子积累能力有关。在具有Ta HKT2; 1，Ta Na ⁺ / H ⁺液泡反转运蛋白和Ta SOS1基因的协同表达调节的细胞中，除了抗氧化酶活性和脯氨酸的积累外。