In the southern cone of South America, inhabit a large diversity of Neotropical carnivores. Carnivore coprolites are a valuable source of paleoecological and paleoparasitological information. The rock shelter Gruta del Indio (GI) is an emblematic archeological and paleontological site located from Mendoza, Argentina. Several studies were conducted at this site, which provided a stratified sequence spanning the last ∼31 ky BP. The aim of this work was to study parasite remains found in coprolites assigned to carnivores from GI, with the purpose of contributing to the paleoecological knowledge of the site. Twenty coprolites were examined for parasites. Samples were rehydrated in a 0.5% water solution of trisodium phosphate, then homogenized, filtered, and processed by spontaneous sedimentation. The macroscopic remains were separated and dried at room temperature and were examined for diet analysis. All micromammal prey belonged to the Order Rodentia, and six histricomorphs could be identified. Also, bird bones, plant, arthropod, and hair remains were found. Five coprolites contained parasite remains, and eight nematode species were recovered. This is the first paleoparasitological study at this site, and the findings broaden the knowledge of the biogeographic history of the gastrointestinal helminths found. The obtained results evidence the importance of carnivore coprolite studies recovered from archeological contexts in the reconstruction of paleoecological scenarios. Also, the importance of carnivores for the dispersion of their own parasites and the parasites of their prey are discussed. These parasitological findings contribute with the study of the presence of potential parasitic zoonoses in the Holocene.

在南美南部，居住着各种各样的新热带食肉动物。食肉动物的proprolites是古生态学和古寄生虫学信息的宝贵来源。岩石庇护所Gruta del Indio（GI）是位于阿根廷门多萨的标志性考古和古生物学遗址。在该地点进行了几项研究，提供了跨越最后31 ky BP的分层序列。这项工作的目的是研究在分配给胃肠道食肉动物的共腐殖质中发现的寄生虫残留物，目的是促进该地点的古生态知识。检查了二十种proprolites的寄生虫。将样品在0.5％磷酸三钠水溶液中重新水化，然后均质化，过滤并通过自发沉淀进行处理。分离宏观残留物并在室温下干燥，并进行饮食分析。所有的微型哺乳动物的猎物都属于啮齿目动物，并且可以鉴定出六种组织形态。此外，还发现了鸟的骨头，植物，节肢动物和头发残骸。五个共prolites包含寄生虫残留，并回收了八个线虫物种。这是该地点的首次古生物学研究，其发现拓宽了发现的胃肠蠕虫的生物地理历史知识。获得的结果证明了从考古背景中恢复食肉动物的proprolite研究在重建古生态场景中的重要性。此外，还讨论了食肉动物对自身寄生虫和猎物寄生虫的扩散的重要性。