This investigation examined cross-lagged relations between expressive control (i.e., management of expressed affect) and inhibitory control (i.e., management of behavior) to elucidate the development of self-regulation across affective and behavioral domains. Regulation was assessed longitudinally at ages four, six, and eight using both observational laboratory tasks and teacher reports in a diverse sample of 250 children. Both observational and teacher-reported models produced parallel results, with consistent prospective relations between expressive control and inhibitory control. In both models, better expressive control of affect at age four predicted better inhibitory control of behavior at six whereas better inhibitory control at age six predicted better expressive control at age eight. Cross-domain longitudinal relations controlled for the stability of prior within-domain regulation and concurrent cross-domain relations. The replication of these findings across laboratory and school settings provides particularly robust evidence for these effects. This study demonstrated that clarifying developmental dynamics across domains of self-regulation may be essential to understanding the full regulatory system.

中文翻译：

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儿童时期表达控制和抑制控制的交易模型

这项调查研究了表达控制（即表达情感的管理）和抑制性控制（即行为的管理）之间的交叉滞后关系，以阐明跨越情感和行为领域的自我调节的发展。在 250 名儿童的不同样本中，使用观察性实验室任务和教师报告在 4、6 和 8 岁纵向评估调节。观察模型和教师报告模型都产生了平行的结果，在表达控制和抑制控制之间具有一致的预期关系。在这两种模型中，四岁时对情感的更好表达控制预示着六岁时对行为的更好抑制控制，而六岁时更好的抑制控制预示着八岁时更好的表达控制。跨域纵向关系控制先前域内监管和并发跨域关系的稳定性。这些发现在实验室和学校环境中的复制为这些影响提供了特别有力的证据。这项研究表明，阐明跨自我调节领域的发展动态可能对理解完整的监管系统至关重要。