Solutions of monovalent and divalent ions, including calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and potassium, were tested in the removal of Sr and Cs from soil near a nuclear power plant. The Ca²⁺ and K⁺ solutions exhibited removal efficiencies of 68.2% and 81.3% for Sr and Cs, respectively. This high performance was probably due to the physicochemical similarities between ‘Ca and Sr’ and ‘K and Cs’. Alternatively, the Mg²⁺ and NH₄⁺ solutions performed much worse, despite having the same valences as Ca²⁺ and K⁺, respectively. Ca²⁺ and K⁺ solutions could also simultaneously remove cationic toxic metals present with the nuclides, albeit much less efficiently (30–40%). For anionic metalloid As and anionic toxic metal Cr, the efficiency was even lower (< 20%). The five-step sequential extraction experiment confirmed that all chemical forms of Sr and Cs, except the residual form, were extensively removed by the Ca²⁺ and K⁺ solutions^, respectively. For comparison, widely used washing agents exhibited removal efficiencies of 25–30%. Notably, Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions were hardly detected in the Ca²⁺ solution, while their concentrations were much higher in the common washing agents, suggesting the involvement of an ion-exchange mechanism in Sr and Cs removal, rather than a Fe/Mn oxide dissolution mechanism.

测试了一价和二价离子（包括钙，镁，铵和钾）溶液在核电站附近土壤中去除Sr和Cs的能力。Ca ²⁺和K ⁺溶液对Sr和Cs的去除效率分别为68.2％和81.3％。如此高的性能可能是由于“ Ca和Sr”与“ K和Cs”之间的物理化学相似性。另外，尽管Mg ²⁺和NH ₄ ⁺的化合价分别与Ca ²⁺和K ^+的化合价相同，但它们的性能要差得多。Ca ²⁺和K ⁺溶液也可以同时去除与核素一起存在的阳离子有毒金属，尽管效率要低得多（30–40％）。对于阴离子准金属As和阴离子有毒金属Cr，效率甚至更低（<20％）。五步连续提取实验证实，锶和铯的所有化学形式，除了残留的形式，进行了广泛的由CA除去²⁺和K ⁺溶液^，分别。为了进行比较，广泛使用的清洗剂的去除效率为25％至30％。值得注意的是，在Ca ²⁺中几乎未检测到Fe ²⁺和Mn ²⁺离子。 溶液，而它们在普通清洗剂中的浓度要高得多，这表明离子交换机制参与了Sr和Cs的去除，而不是Fe / Mn氧化物的溶解机制。