Reliable quantification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) adsorption and mobility in geomedia provides critical information (i.e., evaluation and prediction) for risk characterization and mitigation strategy development. Given the limited PFAS data available and various competing theories for modeling pollutant kinetics, it is indispensable to better understand and quantify the adsorption and transport of PFAS in geomedia using generalized models built upon a consistent physical theory. This study proposed a universal physical law (called the tempered stable law) in PFAS adsorption/transport by interpreting PFAS adsorption kinetics and nonideal transport as a nonequilibrium process dominated by adsorption/desorption with multiple rates following the tempered one-sided stable density (TOSD) distribution. This universal TOSD function led to novel TOSD-based models which were then tested by successfully simulating PFAS adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and nonideal transport data reported in the literature. Model comparisons and extensions were also discussed to further check the feasibility of the TOSD models and their adaptability to capture PFAS transport in more complex geomedia at all scales.

全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 在地质介质中的吸附和流动性的可靠量化为风险表征和缓解策略制定提供了关键信息（即评估和预测）。鉴于可用的 PFAS 数据有限以及用于模拟污染物动力学的各种竞争理论，使用基于一致物理理论的广义模型更好地理解和量化 PFAS 在地质介质中的吸附和传输是必不可少的。本研究通过将 PFAS 吸附动力学和非理想输运解释为一个非平衡过程，在 PFAS 吸附/输运中提出了一个普遍的物理定律（称为回火稳定定律），该过程以多种速率的吸附/解吸为主，遵循回火单面稳定密度 (TOSD)分配。这种通用的 TOSD 功能导致了新的基于 TOSD 的模型，然后通过成功模拟文献中报道的 PFAS 吸附动力学、吸附等温线和非理想传输数据进行了测试。还讨论了模型比较和扩展，以进一步检查 TOSD 模型的可行性及其在更复杂的地质介质中捕获所有尺度的 PFAS 传输的适应性。