An empirical tornado resilience model based on structural functionality, a metric with clearly defined physical states, is developed for light-framed wood residential buildings using field observations of damage and recovery following the February 2017 tornado in Naplate, IL. The resilience model is composed of independent damage and recovery models that serve as a complete resilience model for residential buildings measured with the metric of structural functionality. Structural functionality is the most basic function of a building, the ability to safely provide shelter, and includes both the structural system and the building envelope. This model may be integrated into external resilience models that include measurements of other functionality components, such as lifeline services and building services, to construct a model of total functionality that includes all functionality components necessary for occupancy. The empirical tornado resilience model for light-framed wood residential buildings is an observation-based resilience model for residential buildings subject to tornado damage. It addresses the overlapping critical research needs for studies of tornado hazard, studies of residential resilience, and studies that provide a basis for validation, without replicating the existing body of resilience analysis frameworks. The included analysis using the indicators of structural functionality for wind-damaged structures reveals that some buildings trend toward zero functionality (demolition) during community-level recovery and that clear differences exist in the recovery behavior of buildings with similar post-storm structural functionality. Exponential structural functionality recovery functions are found to be appropriate for most levels of damage. Heavily damaged buildings are observed to follow a normal/s-shaped recovery.

针对2017年2月在伊利诺伊州纳普拉特（Naplate）发生的龙卷风破坏和恢复情况进行了实地观测，针对轻型木结构民用住宅开发了基于结构功能性的经验龙卷风复原力模型（该指标具有明确定义的物理状态）。复原力模型由独立的破坏和恢复模型组成，这些模型可以作为以结构功能度量衡量的住宅建筑的完整复原力模型。结构功能是建筑物的最基本功能，是安全提供庇护所的能力，并且包括结构系统和建筑物围护结构。该模型可以集成到外部弹性模型中，其中包括对其他功能组件（例如生命线服务和建筑服务）的测量，构建总功能模型，其中包括占用所需的所有功能组件。轻型木结构住宅建筑的经验龙卷风回弹模型是遭受龙卷风破坏的住宅建筑的基于观测的回弹模型。它解决了龙卷风危害研究，住宅抗灾能力研究以及提供验证基础的研究的重叠关键研究需求，而无需复制现有的抗灾力分析框架。包含的使用受损结构的结构功能指标进行的分析表明，一些建筑物在社区级恢复期间趋向于零功能（拆除），并且在具有类似风暴后结构功能的建筑物的恢复行为中存在明显差异。发现指数结构功能恢复功能适用于大多数损坏级别。观察到严重受损的建筑物遵循正常/ S形恢复。