Large rock avalanches often result in loss of life and catastrophic damage to infrastructure far from their initial failure positions, predominantly due to their tremendous volumes, high velocities and long runouts. Studies of the surface morphologies and internal structures of rock avalanche deposits can reveal evidence of their movement and deposition mechanisms. Through field survey, satellite image interpretation and particle-size distribution analysis, we studied the ancient, long-runout Linka rock avalanche, which is next to the Nujiang River, southeast Tibetan Plateau. The Linka rock avalanche, with a source volume of ~310 Mm³ originated from a high, steep dip slope and then transformed into a channelized rock avalanche, showing high mobility with a superelevation back-calculated maximal velocity of 42 m/s, a travel distance of ~6200 m and a Fahrboschung of 0.24. The slope failure sequence consisted of an initial failure of an outer limestone slab and a second failure of an inner sandstone slab. The limestone avalanche had 2 or 3 surges, while the sandstone avalanche probably had only one surge. The high mobility of the Linka rock avalanche predominantly resulted from a buckling failure occurred on a high relief source, low-energy dissipation during the channelized flow, intensive rock fragmentation in the basal facies and possible water lubrication when propagating bi-directionally along the Waqu River. Our findings for the Linka rock avalanche support previous knowledge that multiple mechanisms have different roles at different stages in a long runout rock avalanche.

大型岩石崩塌通常会导致人员伤亡，并给基础设施造成灾难性的破坏，而远未达到其最初的破坏位置，这主要是由于其巨大的体积，较高的速度和较长的跳动。对岩石雪崩沉积物的表面形态和内部结构的研究可以揭示其运动和沉积机理的证据。通过实地调查，卫星图像解释和粒度分布分析，我们研究了青藏高原东南部怒江附近古老的，长寿命的林卡岩石雪崩。林卡（Linka）岩石雪崩，震源量约为310 Mm ³源于高陡的倾斜坡度，然后转变成槽状岩石雪崩，显示出高流动性，超高反算的最大速度为42 m / s，行进距离为〜6200 m，Fahrboschung为0.24。边坡破坏序列由外部石灰岩平板的初始破坏和内部砂岩平板的第二次破坏组成。石灰岩雪崩有2或3次波动，而砂岩雪崩可能只有1次波动。Linka岩石雪崩的高流动性主要是由高泄压源发生的屈曲破坏，通道化流中的低能量耗散，基岩相中强烈的岩石碎裂以及沿Waqu河双向传播时可能的水润滑引起的。