Recent findings indicate that the microbiome may have significant impact on the development of lung cancer by its effects on inflammation, dysbiosis or genome damage. The aim of this study was to compare the sputum microbiome of lung cancer (LC) patients with the chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronuclei (MN) frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes. In the study, the taxonomic composition of the sputum microbiome of 66 men with untreated LC were compared with 62 control subjects with respect to CA and MN frequency and centromere fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. Results showed a significant increase in CA (4.11 ± 2.48% versus 2.08 ± 1.18%) and MN (1.53 ± 0.67% versus 0.87 ± 0.49%) frequencies, respectively, in LC patients as compared to control subjects. The higher frequency of centromeric positive MN of LC patients was mainly due to aneuploidy. A significant increase in Streptococcus, Bacillus, Gemella and Haemophilus in LC patients was detected, in comparison to the control subjects while 18 bacterial genera were significantly reduced, which indicates a decrease in the beta diversity in the microbiome of LC patients. Although, the CA frequency in LC patients is significantly associated with an increased presence of the genera Bacteroides, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Porphyromonas, Mycoplasma and Fusobacterium in their sputum, and a decrease for the genus Granulicatella after application of false discovery rate correction, significance was not any more present. The decrease of MN frequency of LC patients is significantly associated with an increase in Megasphaera genera and Selenomonas bovis. In conclusion, a significant difference in beta diversity of microbiome between LC and control subjects and association between the sputum microbiome composition and genome damage of LC patients was detected, thus supporting previous studies suggesting an etiological connection between the airway microbiome and LC.

中文翻译：

---

肺癌患者淋巴细胞的遗传损伤与呼吸道微生物组的组成有关

最近的研究结果表明，微生物组可能通过对炎症、生态失调或基因组损伤的影响而对肺癌的发展产生重大影响。本研究的目的是比较肺癌 (LC) 患者的痰微生物组与外周血淋巴细胞中的染色体畸变 (CA) 和微核 (MN) 频率。在这项研究中，就 CA 和 MN 频率以及着丝粒荧光原位杂交分析，将 66 名未经治疗的 LC 男性与 62 名对照受试者的痰微生物组的分类组成进行了比较。结果显示，与对照组相比，LC 患者的 CA（4.11 ± 2.48% 对 2.08 ± 1.18%）和 MN（1.53 ± 0.67% 对 0.87 ± 0.49%）频率分别显着增加。LC患者着丝粒阳性MN的频率较高主要是由于非整倍体。与对照受试者相比，检测到 LC 患者中链球菌、芽孢杆菌、双胞菌属和嗜血杆菌的显着增加，而 18 个细菌属显着减少，这表明 LC 患者微生物组中的 β 多样性降低。尽管 LC 患者的 CA 频率与痰中拟杆菌属、厌氧杆菌属、卟啉单胞菌属、支原体属和梭杆菌属的存在增加显着相关，并且在应用错误发现率校正后颗粒状杆菌属的减少显着相关，但意义没有任何意义更多的存在。LC 患者 MN 频率的降低与 Megasphaera 属和 Selenomonas bovis 的增加显着相关。