Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Wormwood) is a wild aromatic herb that is popular for its healing and medicinal effects and has been used in conventional as well as modern medicine. This research aimed at the extraction, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of wormwood using Soxhlet extraction, as well as characterizing their antimicrobial and anitoxidant effects. The phenolic compounds were identified in different extracts by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high performance liquid chromatography. Five different fractions, two from ethyl acetate extraction and three from ethanolic extraction were obtained and evaluated further. The antimicrobial activity of each fractions was evaluated against two Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) using the disc-diffusion assay and direct TLC bioautography assay. Fraction I inhibited B. cereus and P. vulgaris, Fraction II inhibited B. cereus and E. coli, Fraction III inhibited all, except for P. vulgaris, while Fractions IV and V did not exhibit strong antimicrobial effects. Their antioxidant capabilities were also measured by calculating their ability to scavenge the free radical using DPPH method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Ethanolic fractions III and V demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties with IC₅₀ values less than 15.0 μg/mL, while other fractions also had IC₅₀ values less than 80.0 μg/mL. These antioxidant effects were highly associated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl group on the phenolics they contained. These extracts demonstrated antimicrobial effects, suggesting the different phenolic compounds in these extracts had specific inhibitory effects on the growth of each bacteria. The results of this study suggested that the A. herba-alba can be a source of phenolic compounds with natural antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which can be used for potential pharmaceutical applications.

中文翻译：

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白艾草的酚类成分、抗氧化能力和抗菌活性


艾草阿索。艾草（艾草）是一种野生芳香草本植物，因其治疗和药用功效而广受欢迎，并已用于传统医学和现代医学。本研究旨在利用索氏提取法对艾草地上部分中的酚类化合物进行提取、鉴定和定量，并表征其抗菌和抗氧化作用。通过柱色谱法、薄层色谱法（TLC）和高效液相色谱法鉴定了不同提取物中的酚类化合物。获得了五种不同的馏分，两种来自乙酸乙酯提取，三种来自乙醇提取，并进行了进一步评估。使用圆盘扩散测定和直接 TLC 生物自显影测定，评估每个级分针对两种革兰氏阳性微生物（蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）和两种革兰氏阴性微生物（大肠杆菌和普通变形杆菌）的抗菌活性。组分I抑制蜡样芽胞杆菌和普通假单胞菌，组分II抑制蜡样芽胞杆菌和大肠杆菌，组分III抑制除普通假单胞菌之外的所有细菌，而组分IV和V没有表现出强的抗菌作用。还通过使用 DPPH 方法和铁还原抗氧化能力 (FRAP) 测定计算其清除自由基的能力来测量其抗氧化能力。乙醇馏分 III 和 V 表现出优异的抗氧化性能，IC ₅₀值小于 15.0 μg/mL，而其他馏分的 IC ₅₀值也小于 80.0 μg/mL。 这些抗氧化作用与它们所含酚类物质上酚羟基的数量密切相关。这些提取物表现出抗菌作用，表明这些提取物中的不同酚类化合物对每种细菌的生长具有特定的抑制作用。这项研究的结果表明， A. herba-alba可以成为具有天然抗菌和抗氧化特性的酚类化合物的来源，可用于潜在的药物应用。