ABSTRACT

The recent dispersion of algorithms throughout a large part of social life makes them valid analytical objects for sociology in the twenty-first century. The ubiquity of algorithms has led to increased public attention, scrutiny and, consequently, regulation. That is the focus of this paper. I will show that such regulatory processes are not just aimed at preventing certain algorithmic activities, but that they are also co-producing algorithms. They determine, in specific settings, what an algorithm is and what it ought to do. I will illustrate this by comparing two different European regulations aimed at algorithmic practices: the regulation of trading algorithms in the German High Frequency Trading Act and in the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II), and the regulation of personal data processing in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

摘要

最近算法在社会生活的很大一部分中的分散使它们成为 21 世纪社会学的有效分析对象。算法的普及导致公众关注、审查和监管的增加。这就是本文的重点。我将表明，此类监管过程不仅旨在防止某些算法活动，而且它们也是共同生产的算法。他们在特定设置中确定算法是什么以及它应该做什么去做。我将通过比较针对算法实践的两种不同的欧洲法规来说明这一点：德国高频交易法和金融工具市场指令 (MiFID II) 中对交易算法的监管，以及通用中对个人数据处理的监管数据保护条例 (GDPR)。