ABSTRACT

This review paper offers a summary of historical techniques and materials used to produce plaster casts and to treat their surfaces, as found in the historical literature. It reviews a selection of manuals, treatises, and recipe books on the art of the cast makers as well as a selection of patents related to the manufacturing of casts and the coating of their surfaces. The introduction to the review shows how relevant archival, historical, and technical investigation demonstrates that nineteenth century replicas are works of cultural significance in their own right, by means of a synthesis of background information. This paper also offers a brief introduction to plaster moulding and casting as well as a summary of historical recipes on how to treat the surfaces of plaster casts to change the surface properties or their appearance. This review aims therefore to provide a summary of materials used by the nineteenth-century plasterer, and technical information for the use of conservators, researchers, and curators who engage in the care and study of historical plaster casts. Examples from the Victoria and Albert Museum's collection support the information found in the historical literature.

摘要

这篇评论文章总结了历史文献中用于生产石膏模型和处理其表面的历史技术和材料。它回顾了一系列关于铸件制造者艺术的手册、论文和食谱书，以及一系列与铸件制造及其表面涂层相关的专利。评论的引言展示了相关的档案、历史和技术调查如何通过综合背景信息证明 19 世纪的复制品本身就是具有文化意义的作品。本文还简要介绍了石膏成型和铸造，并总结了如何处理石膏铸件表面以改变其表面性质或外观的历史配方。因此，本综述旨在提供对 19 世纪石膏工使用的材料的总结，以及供从事历史石膏模型护理和研究的保护者、研究人员和策展人使用的技术信息。维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆藏品中的例子支持了历史文献中的信息。