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An optimized genetically encoded dual reporter for simultaneous ratio imaging of Ca2+ and H+ reveals new insights into ion signaling in plants
New Phytologist ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 , DOI: 10.1111/nph.17202
Kunkun Li 1 , Juan Prada 2 , Daniel S C Damineli 3, 4 , Anja Liese 5 , Tina Romeis 5 , Thomas Dandekar 2 , José A Feijó 3 , Rainer Hedrich 1 , Kai Robert Konrad 1
Affiliation  

  • Whereas the role of calcium ions (Ca2+) in plant signaling is well studied, the physiological significance of pH‐changes remains largely undefined.
  • Here we developed CapHensor, an optimized dual‐reporter for simultaneous Ca2+ and pH ratio‐imaging and studied signaling events in pollen tubes (PTs), guard cells (GCs), and mesophyll cells (MCs). Monitoring spatio‐temporal relationships between membrane voltage, Ca2+‐ and pH‐dynamics revealed interconnections previously not described.
  • In tobacco PTs, we demonstrated Ca2+‐dynamics lag behind pH‐dynamics during oscillatory growth, and pH correlates more with growth than Ca2+. In GCs, we demonstrated abscisic acid (ABA) to initiate stomatal closure via rapid cytosolic alkalization followed by Ca2+ elevation. Preventing the alkalization blocked GC ABA‐responses and even opened stomata in the presence of ABA, disclosing an important pH‐dependent GC signaling node. In MCs, a flg22‐induced membrane depolarization preceded Ca2+‐increases and cytosolic acidification by c. 2 min, suggesting a Ca2+/pH‐independent early pathogen signaling step. Imaging Ca2+ and pH resolved similar cytosol and nuclear signals and demonstrated flg22, but not ABA and hydrogen peroxide to initiate rapid membrane voltage‐, Ca2+‐ and pH‐responses.
  • We propose close interrelation in Ca2+‐ and pH‐signaling that is cell type‐ and stimulus‐specific and the pH having crucial roles in regulating PT growth and stomata movement.


中文翻译:


用于 Ca2+ 和 H+ 同时比率成像的优化基因编码双报告基因揭示了对植物离子信号传导的新见解



  • 尽管钙离子 (Ca 2+ ) 在植物信号传导中的作用已得到充分研究,但 pH 变化的生理意义在很大程度上仍不清楚。

  • 在这里,我们开发了 CapHensor,一种用于同步 Ca 2+和 pH 比率成像的优化双报告基因,并研究了花粉管 (PT)、保卫细胞 (GC) 和叶肉细胞 (MC) 中的信号事件。监测膜电压、Ca 2+和 pH 动态之间的时空关系揭示了以前未描述过的相互关系。

  • 在烟草 PT 中,我们证明在振荡生长过程中 Ca 2+动力学滞后于 pH 动力学,并且 pH 值与生长的相关性高于 Ca 2+ 。在GC中,我们证明脱落酸(ABA)通过快速胞质碱化随后Ca 2+升高来启动气孔关闭。防止碱化会阻断 GC ABA 反应,甚至在 ABA 存在的情况下打开气孔,揭示了一个重要的 pH 依赖性 GC 信号节点。在 MC 中,flg22 诱导的膜去极化先于 Ca 2+增加和c 引起的胞质酸化。 2 分钟,表明存在与 Ca 2+ /pH 无关的早期病原体信号传导步骤。 Ca 2+和 pH 成像解析了类似的细胞质和核信号,并证明 flg22(但不是 ABA 和过氧化氢)启动快速膜电压、Ca 2+和 pH 响应。

  • 我们提出细胞类型和刺激特异性的 Ca 2+和 pH 信号传导之间存在密切的相互关系,并且 pH 在调节 PT 生长和气孔运动中起着至关重要的作用。
更新日期:2021-01-17
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