Furfurylation has long been adopted for wood modification, and found to be effective for bamboo as well. However, traditional full impregnation furfurylation would reduce the dimensional stability of bamboo although its biological durability was improved. Here, we found surface modification with furfuryl alcohol (surface furfurylation) was particularly suitable for bamboo, which is extremely hard to be treated due to its low transverse mass transportation. To optimize the surface furfurylation process for bamboo, an orthogonal experiment was designed with several key physical and mechanical properties tested, including weight percent gain (WPG), equilibrium moisture content (EMC), anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE). Using this process, dimensionally stable (ASE could reach as high as 50% by volume) and highly biological durable (strong resistance against mould, decay and termite) bamboo material with low consumption of furfuryl alcohol (FA) (average WPG lower than 15%) were prepared avoiding significant reduction in mechanical properties. Furthermore, a parameter combination of 70% FA concentration, 105 ℃ curing temperature, and 5 h curing time was proposed as an optimized process for pilot-scale production based on orthogonal experiments and range analysis.

糠醛化长期以来一直被用于木材改性，并发现对竹子也有效。然而，传统的完全浸渍糠醛化会降低竹子的尺寸稳定性，尽管其生物耐久性得以改善。在这里，我们发现用糠醇进行的表面改性（表面糠基化）特别适用于竹子，由于其横向传质低，因此极难处理。为了优化竹子的表面糠醛化工艺，设计了一个正交实验，测试了几个关键的物理和机械性能，包括重量增加量（WPG），平衡水分含量（EMC），抗溶胀效率（ASE），断裂模量（ MOR），弹性模量（MOE）。使用此过程，制备尺寸稳定（ASE含量可高达50％的体积）和高度生物耐久性（对霉菌，腐烂和白蚁的抵抗力强），糠醇（FA）消耗量低（平均WPG低于15％）的竹材料，避免机械性能大大降低。此外，基于正交试验和范围分析，提出了70％FA浓度，105℃固化温度和5 h固化时间的参数组合作为中试生产的优化工艺。