Phlebotomine sand flies can transmit several species of the genus Leishmania, that cause leishmaniasis, a serious neglected tropical disease worldwide. Although Mexico is an endemic country for the disease, studies on the biology, ecology, and the identification of blood meal sources of phlebotomine sand flies in some states remain unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the species diversity of sand flies, and identify their blood meal sources in the Biosphere Reserve Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, an area with a high prevalence of Leishmania infantum. The cumulative sampling effort of sand flies covered 300 trap-nights between March 2011 and May 2013. For estimating species diversity, we calculated the species richness (q = 0), the diversity of the species (q = 1) and the dominant species (q = 2). To identify the blood meal sources, we amplified and sequenced a fragment of ≈400 bp of the vertebrate Cytb gene. A total of 951 specimens belonging to 15 species were collected. Psathyromyia aclydifera and Psychodopygus panamensis were the most abundant species. We were able to identify seven terrestrial vertebrate species, among which human beings were the most common source of the blood meal. In this study, relevant information on the structure of sand fly populations and their blood meal sources was obtained, providing basic and important information about the interactions between sand flies, hosts and Leishmania species.

竹毒sand可以传播利什曼原虫属的几种物种，引起利什曼原虫病，这是一种在全球范围内被严重忽视的热带病。尽管墨西哥是该病的地方性国家，但在某些州仍未进行生物学，生态学和草毒蝇血粉来源鉴定的研究。因此，本研究旨在评估沙蝇的物种多样性，并在韦拉克鲁斯州韦布鲁斯生物圈保护区Los Tuxtlas（婴儿利什曼原虫流行率很高的地区）中确定其血粉来源。从2011年3月至2013年5月，沙蝇的累积采样工作覆盖了300个诱捕夜。为估算物种多样性，我们计算了物种丰富度（q = 0），物种（q  = 1）和优势物种（q  = 2）的多样性。为了鉴定血粉来源，我们对脊椎动物Cytb基因的≈400bp片段进行了扩增和测序。总共收集了15个物种的951个标本。沙眼衣原体和巴氏迷迭香是最丰富的物种。我们能够鉴定出七个陆地脊椎动物物种，其中人类是最常见的血粉来源。在这项研究中，获得了有关沙蝇种群结构及其血粉来源的相关信息，提供了有关沙蝇，寄主和利什曼原虫之间相互作用的基本和重要信息。 种类。