The rapid industrial growth and the necessity of recovering and recycling raw materials increased the interest in the production of highly selective and efficient separation tools. In this perspective, a relevant input was given by the membrane-based technology and the production of imprinted membranes, which possess specific recognition properties at molecular and ionic level, offers the possibility of developing sustainable and green processes. Furthermore, the integration of imprinted membranes with traditional or membrane-based approaches is a promising strategy in the logic of process intensification, which means the combination of different operations in a single apparatus. This work discusses the concept and separation mechanisms of imprinted membranes. Furthermore, it presents an overview of their application in organic solvent nanofiltration, for the removal of toxic agents and recovery solvent, as well as valuable compounds. The recent advances in water treatment, such as pesticide removal and recovery of metal ions, are also discussed. Finally, potential applications of imprinted membranes in hybrid processes are highlighted, and a look into the future of membrane separations for water treatment and recovery ofcritical raw materials is offered.

快速的工业增长以及对原材料进行回收和再利用的必要性增加了人们对生产高度选择性和高效分离工具的兴趣。从这个角度来看，基于膜的技术提供了相关的投入，压印膜的生产在分子和离子水平上具有特定的识别特性，为发展可持续的绿色工艺提供了可能性。此外，压印膜与传统方法或基于膜的方法的集成是过程强化逻辑中的一种有前途的策略，这意味着在单个设备中组合不同的操作。这项工作讨论了印迹膜的概念和分离机理。此外，它概述了它们在有机溶剂纳米过滤中的应用，以去除有毒物质和回收溶剂以及有价值的化合物。还讨论了水处理的最新进展，例如农药去除和金属离子的回收。最后，重点介绍了印迹膜在混合工艺中的潜在应用，并展望了用于水处理和关键原料回收的膜分离的未来。