Critical-like behaviors have been found in translational degrees of freedom near the glass transition of spherical particle systems mainly with local polycrystalline structures, but it is not clear if criticality exists in more general glassy systems composed of nonspherical particles without crystalline structures. Here, through experiments and simulations, we show critical-like behaviors in both translational and rotational degrees of freedom in monolayers of monodisperse colloidal ellipsoids in the absence of crystalline orders. We find rich features of the Ising-like criticality in structure and slow dynamics at the ideal glass transition point ϕ₀, showing the thermodynamic nature of glass transition at ϕ₀. A dynamic criticality is found at the mode-coupling critical point ϕ_c for the fast-moving clusters whose critical exponents increase linearly with fragility, reflecting a dynamic glass transition. These results cast light on the glass transition and explain the mystery that the dynamic correlation lengths diverge at two different temperatures.

在主要具有局部多晶结构的球形粒子系统的玻璃化转变附近的平移自由度中发现了类似临界的行为，但尚不清楚在由无晶体结构的非球形粒子组成的更一般的玻璃状系统中是否存在临界性。在这里，通过实验和模拟，我们显示了在没有结晶顺序的情况下，单分散胶体椭球体单层在平移和旋转自由度上都具有临界状的行为。我们发现，在理想的玻璃化温度ϕ _0处，结构具有类似于伊辛型临界的丰富特征，​​并且具有缓慢的动力学特性，这表明玻璃化温度在ϕ ₀处具有热力学性质。在模式耦合临界点found发现动态临界_c对于快速移动的簇，其临界指数随脆性线性增加，反映了动态的玻璃化转变。这些结果将光投射到玻璃化转变温度上，并解释了在两个不同温度下动态相关长度会发散的奥秘。