Abstract

Background:

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to assess brain activity while users are playing an immersive serious game.

Objective:

To assess differences in brain activation as measured with a non-intrusive wearable EEG device, differences in game performance and correlations between EEG power, game performance and global cognition, between cognitively impaired and non-impaired older adults, during the administration of a novel self-administered serious game-based test, the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST).

Methods:

43 older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and 33 older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were recruited from day centers for cognitive disorders. Global cognition was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Brain activity was measured with a non-intrusive wearable EEG device in a resting state condition and while they were administered the VST.

Results:

During resting state condition, the MCI group showed increased alpha, beta, delta, and theta band power compared to the SCD group. During the administration of the VST, the MCI group showed increased beta and theta band power compared to the SCD group. Regarding game performance, alpha, beta, delta, and theta rhythms correlated with average duration, while delta rhythm was positively correlated with mean errors. MoCA correlated with alpha, beta, delta, and theta rhythms and with average game duration and mean game errors indicating that elevated EEG rhythms in MCI may be associated with an overall cognitive decline.

Conclusion:

VST performance can be used as a digital biomarker. Cheap commercially available wearable EEG devices can be used for obtaining brain activity biomarkers.

中文翻译：

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轻度认知障碍和健康对照老年人的传统和严重的基于游戏的认知数字标记的比较

摘要

背景：

脑电图 (EEG) 已被用于评估用户在玩沉浸式严肃游戏时的大脑活动。

客观的：

评估使用非侵入性可穿戴 EEG 设备测量的大脑激活差异、游戏性能差异以及 EEG 功率、游戏性能和全局认知之间的相关性，以及认知障碍和未受损老年人在管理新自我期间- 管理严肃的基于游戏的测试，虚拟超市测试（VST）。

方法：

从认知障碍日间中心招募了 43 名患有主观认知能力下降 (SCD) 的老年人和 33 名患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的老年人。全球认知通过蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 进行评估。大脑活动是在静息状态下使用非侵入性可穿戴 EEG 设备测量的，同时他们也接受了 VST。

结果：

在静息状态条件下，与 SCD 组相比，MCI 组显示出增加的 alpha、beta、delta 和 theta 波段功率。在 VST 给药期间，与 SCD 组相比，MCI 组显示出增加的 β 和 theta 波段功率。在游戏表现方面，alpha、beta、delta 和 theta 节奏与平均持续时间相关，而 delta 节奏与平均误差呈正相关。MoCA 与 alpha、beta、delta 和 theta 节律以及平均游戏持续时间和平均游戏错误相关，表明 MCI 中升高的 EEG 节律可能与整体认知能力下降有关。

结论：

VST 性能可用作数字生物标志物。廉价的市售可穿戴 EEG 设备可用于获取大脑活动生物标志物。