Heart Failure (HF) is recognized as an important public health concern worldwide, especially in developed countries, due to its high rate of morbidity and mortality. Although new pharmacological and non-pharmacological agents have improved the clinical sequelae of HF in patients, its mortality remains high, especially among the elderly. Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein, besides its traditional role in promoting erythropoiesis and production of erythroid progenitors, its beneficial role in reducing infarct area and improving heart function through EPO-induced antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects have been increasingly recognized. This review gathers the evidence to date about the effectiveness of EPO in HF patients. In addition to the growing evidence of EPO in the treatment of HF in the animal studies for improving cardiac function and infarct size, more clinical studies are needed to assess the role of EPO treatment in the management of HF.

心力衰竭（HF）由于其高发病率和高死亡率而被公认为是世界范围内重要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在发达国家。尽管新的药物和非药物治疗药物改善了患者的HF临床后遗症，但其死亡率仍然很高，尤其是在老年人中。促红细胞生成素（EPO）是一种糖蛋白，除了其传统的促红细胞生成和促红细胞生成的作用外，还通过EPO诱导的抗凋亡和抗氧化作用在减少梗塞面积和改善心脏功能方面发挥了有益作用。这篇综述收集了迄今为止关于EPO在HF患者中有效性的证据。