Reports of greater incidence of knee pain and injury in older female runners compared with their younger counterparts may be associated with differences in lower limb biomechanics that influence knee joint loading. The aim of this study was to investigate footwear interventions aimed at influencing lower limb biomechanics in older female runners (>45 years). Strategies for reducing peak rearfoot eversion and the external knee adductor moment were investigated, since both measures have been associated with knee joint injury. Twenty female runners (mean age 50.7 ± 5.6 years) performed 10 running trials in four footwear conditions: neutral running shoe (Control); neutral shoe with 4° medial heel wedge insole (Medial Wedge); neutral shoe with 4° lateral heel wedge insole (Lateral Wedge); and neutral shoe with combined insole with 5° lateral wedge and medial arch support (Combined Insole). Peak rearfoot eversion and knee external adductor moment were compared for the four conditions using RMANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Compared with the Control, peak rearfoot eversion was lower for the Combined Insole condition, with this value being lower than for all other insole conditions (p < 0.05). Compared with the Control, the peak knee external adductor moment was lower for the Lateral Wedge and the Combined Insole conditions (p < 0.05). These results support the use of a combined insole with lateral wedge and medial arch support for the reduction of peak rearfoot eversion and peak knee external adductor moment, variables that have been associated with increased risk of knee injury. If aiming to reduce knee external adductor moment alone, then the lateral wedge technology employed in this study provides an effective method for older female runners.

有报道称，老年跑步者的膝关节疼痛和受伤发生率高于年轻跑步者，这可能与影响膝关节负荷的下肢生物力学差异有关。这项研究的目的是调查鞋类干预措施，以影响年龄较大的女性跑步者（> 45岁）的下肢生物力学。研究了减少峰值后脚外翻和外部膝关节内收肌力矩的策略，因为这两种措施均与膝关节损伤相关。二十名女运动员（平均年龄50.7±5.6岁）在四种鞋类条件下进行了10次跑步试验：中性跑鞋（对照）；中性鞋，带4°内侧后跟楔形鞋垫（内侧楔）；中性鞋，带有4°外侧后跟楔形鞋垫（Lateral Wedge）；中性鞋，带有5°外侧楔形鞋垫和内侧足弓支撑的组合鞋垫（组合鞋垫）。使用RMANOVA和事后Tukey测试比较了四种情况下的峰值后脚外翻和膝盖外收肌力矩（p  ＜0.05）。与对照组相比，组合鞋垫状态的后脚外翻高峰较低，该值低于所有其他鞋垫条件的水平（p  <0.05）。与对照组相比，外侧楔和联合鞋垫条件下膝外收肌的峰值峰值较低（p  <0.05）。这些结果支持结合使用具有外侧楔形和内侧足弓支撑的鞋垫，以减少峰值后脚外翻和峰值膝盖外收肌力矩，这些变量与膝盖受伤的风险增加有关。如果仅旨在减少膝关节外收肌力矩，则本研究采用的侧向楔形技术为年龄较大的女跑步运动员提供了一种有效的方法。