The Italian grape germplasm is characterized by a high level of richness in terms of varieties number, with nearly 600 wine grape varieties listed in the Italian National Register of Grapevine Varieties and with a plethora of autochthonous grapes. In the present study an extended SNP genotyping has been carried out on Italian germplasm of cultivated Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa and Vitis hybrids. Several hundred Italian varieties maintained in the repositories of scientific Institutions and about one thousand additional varieties derived from previous studies on European, Southern Italy, Magna Graecia and Georgian germplasm were considered. The large genotyping data obtained were used to check the presence of homonyms and synonyms, determine parental relationships, and identify the main ancestors of traditional Italian cultivars and closely-related accessions. The parentage among a set of 1,232 unique varieties has been assessed. A total of 92 new parent-offspring (PO) pairs and 14 new PO trios were identified. The resulted parentage network suggested that the traditional Italian grapevine germplasm originates largely from a few central varieties geographically distributed into several areas of genetic influence: “Strinto porcino” and its offspring “Sangiovese”, “Mantonico bianco” and “Aglianico” mainly as founder varieties of South-Western Italy (IT-SW); Italian Adriatic Coast (IT-AC); and Central Italy with most varieties being offsprings of “Visparola”, “Garganega” and “Bombino bianco”; “Termarina (Sciaccarello)” “Orsolina” and “Uva Tosca” as the main varieties of North-Western Italy (IT-NW) and Central Italy. The pedigree reconstruction by full-sib and second-degree relationships highlighted the key role of some cultivars, and, in particular, the centrality of “Visparola” in the origin of Italian germplasm appeared clear. An hypothetical migration of this variety within the Italian Peninsula from South to North along the eastern side, as well as of “Sangiovese” from South to Central Italy along the Western side might be supposed. Moreover, it was also highlighted that, among the main founders of muscat varieties, “Moscato bianco” and “Zibibbo (Muscat of Alexandria)” have spread over the whole Italy, with a high contribution by the former to germplasm of the North-Western of the peninsula.

意大利葡萄种质的特征是品种数量丰富，在意大利国家葡萄品种注册中列出了近600种酿酒葡萄品种，并且有大量的土生葡萄。在本研究中，已对意大利栽培种的SNP进行了扩展的SNP基因分型葡萄 亚种 苜蓿 和 葡萄杂种。在科研机构的资料库中保存了数百种意大利品种，而从欧洲，意大利南部，麦格纳·格拉西亚（Magna Graecia）和格鲁吉亚种质被考虑。获得的大量基因分型数据用于检查同音异义词和同义词的存在，确定父母之间的关系以及确定传统意大利品种和紧密相关种质的主要祖先。已评估了1,232个独特品种中的亲缘关系。总共确定了92对新的亲子（PO）对和14对新的PO三重奏。由此产生的亲子关系网络表明，传统的意大利葡萄种质主要起源于地理分布在几个遗传影响领域的几个中心品种：“ Strinto porcino”及其后代“ Sangiovese”，“ Mantonico bianco”和“ Aglianico”，主要是创始人品种意大利西南部（IT-SW）；意大利亚得里亚海海岸（IT-AC）；意大利中部，品种最多的是“ Visparola”，“ Garganega”和“ Bombino bianco”的后代；“ Termarina（Sciaccarello）”，“ Orsolina”和“ Uva Tosca”是意大利西北部（IT-NW）和意大利中部的主要品种。通过全同胞和二级亲缘关系进行的系谱重建突显了某些品种的关键作用，尤其是“ Visparola”在意大利种质起源中的中心地位很明显。可以假设这种变种在意大利半岛内从南到东沿东边迁移，以及从南到意大利中部沿西侧从南桑给巴尔迁移。此外，还强调指出，在麝香葡萄的主要创始人中，“ Moscato bianco”和“ Zibibbo（亚历山大的麝香猫）”遍布整个意大利，