Various studies aiming to elucidate the role of the gut microbiome-metabolome co-axis in health and disease have primarily focused on water-soluble polar metabolites, whilst non-polar microbial lipids have received less attention. The concept of microbiota-dependent lipid biotransformation is over a century old. However, only recently, several studies have shown how microbial lipids alter intestinal and circulating lipid concentrations in the host, thus impacting human lipid homeostasis. There is emerging evidence that gut microbial communities play a particularly significant role in the regulation of host cholesterol and sphingolipid homeostasis. Here, we review and discuss recent research focusing on microbe-host-lipid co-metabolism. We also discuss the interplay of human gut microbiota and molecular lipids entering host systemic circulation, and its role in health and disease.

中文翻译：

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连接肠道微生物组和脂质代谢：超越关联


旨在阐明肠道微生物组-代谢组共轴在健康和疾病中的作用的各种研究主要集中在水溶性极性代谢物上，而非极性微生物脂质受到的关注较少。微生物依赖的脂质生物转化的概念已有一个多世纪的历史。然而，直到最近，一些研究才表明微生物脂质如何改变宿主肠道和循环脂质浓度，从而影响人类脂质稳态。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群落在调节宿主胆固醇和鞘脂稳态方面发挥着特别重要的作用。在这里，我们回顾并讨论最近关注微生物-宿主-脂质共代谢的研究。我们还讨论了人类肠道微生物群和进入宿主体循环的分子脂质的相互作用，及其在健康和疾病中的作用。