ABSTRACT

The intersection between land grabs and climate change mitigation politics in Myanmar has created new political opportunities for scaling up, expanding and deepening struggles toward ‘agrarian climate justice’. Building on the concepts of ‘political opportunities’ and ‘rural democratization’ to understand how rural politics is relevant to national regime changes in the process of deepening democracy, this paper argues that scaling up beyond the local level becomes necessary to counter the concentration of power at higher levels. At the same time, this vertical process is inextricable from building horizontal networks and rooting struggles in communities. By looking at national-level land policy advocacy for more just land laws, accountability politics in mining at a regional level in the southern Tanintharyi region, and the bottom-up establishment of local indigenous territories, this paper illustrates how expanding these struggles becomes necessary, but is also accompanied by potential fault-lines. These fault-lines include divergent political tendencies within the network and challenges to working in areas contested by the Burmese state and ethnic armed organizations.

摘要

缅甸的土地争夺与减缓气候变化政治之间的交集为扩大，扩大和深化向“农业气候正义”的斗争创造了新的政治机遇。本文基于“政治机会”和“农村民主化”的概念来理解农村政治在深化民主过程中如何与国家政权变化相关，并认为扩大规模超出地方水平对于应对权力集中是必要的。在更高的水平。同时，这种纵向过程与建立横向网络和在社区中扎根斗争是分不开的。通过在国家一级针对更公正的土地法的土地政策主张，以及在南部Tanintharyi地区的区域级采矿业的问责政治，以及自下而上的当地土著领土的建立，本文说明了如何扩大这些斗争的必要性，但同时也伴随着潜在的断层线。这些断层线包括网络内部不同的政治倾向，以及在缅甸国家和族裔武装组织争夺的地区开展工作所面临的挑战。