Abstract

Residents of Kampung Prawirotaman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia respond differently to night-time tourist activity. This historic batik kampung was transformed into an international tourist destination, sowing resident discontent over traffic, anti-social behaviour and noise. Conflict with religious values also features in this dynamic. Observations and in-depth interviews with residents, artists, and hotel/café owners in Prawirotaman and surrounding Islamic kampungs differentiated two phases of touristification. From the 1980s through the 1990s, batik factories were turned into lodgings primarily serving backpackers, and global practices co-existed with traditional culture. Prawirotaman became known as Kampung Bule, a neighbourhood for foreign tourists, reflecting optimism that tourism would define its identity. Then three consecutive crises (the 1998 Asian monetary crisis, the 2002 Bali bombing, and the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake) propelled Prawirotaman into the second touristification phase. Welcoming higher-end visitors brought rising prosperity, but residents became unhappy about the noise, traffic, and late-night drinking. This dynamic became more complex as residents of surrounding religious kampungs, Karangkajen and Jogokariyan, added their voices. Forming a mosque alliance, they instigated a massive crack-down on the sale of alcohol in restaurants and cafés during the New Year celebrations of 2018. This response to the impact of tourism in Prawirotaman suggests that the current level of discontent corresponds to the final stage of the ‘Irridex’ model in which the residents have become openly hostile toward tourism.

摘要

印度尼西亚日惹Kampung Prawirotaman的居民对夜间旅游活动的反应不同。这个历史悠久的蜡染甘榜被改造成一个国际旅游目的地，引发了居民对交通、反社会行为和噪音的不满。与宗教价值观的冲突也是这种动态的特征。对 Prawirotaman 和周围伊斯兰甘榜的居民、艺术家和酒店/咖啡馆老板的观察和深入访谈区分了旅游化的两个阶段。从 80 年代到 90 年代，蜡染工厂变成了主要为背包客提供服务的旅馆，全球习俗与传统文化共存。Prawirotaman 被称为Kampung Bule，一个外国游客的社区，反映出人们对旅游业将定义其身份的乐观态度。随后连续发生的三场危机（1998 年亚洲金融危机、2002 年巴厘岛爆炸案和 2006 年日惹地震）将 Prawirotaman 推向了第二个旅游化阶段。欢迎高端游客带来繁荣，但居民对噪音、交通和深夜饮酒感到不满。随着周围宗教甘榜、Karangkajen和Jogokariyan的居民，这种动态变得更加复杂, 添加了他们的声音。他们结成清真寺联盟，在 2018 年新年庆祝活动期间煽动大规模打击餐馆和咖啡馆的酒类销售。这种对 Prawirotaman 旅游业影响的回应表明，目前的不满程度与最后阶段相对应居民公开敌视旅游业的“Irridex”模式。