Abstract

Policymakers employ economic sanctions to deal with a wide range of international challenges, making them an indispensable foreign policy tool. While scholarship on sanctions has tended to focus on the factors affecting their success, newer research programs have emerged that explore the reasons for why sanctions are threatened and initiated, the ways they are designed and enforced, and their consequences. This scholarship has yielded a wealth of new insights into how economic sanctions work, but most of those insights are based on sanctions observations from the 20^th Century. The ways that policymakers employ sanctions have fundamentally changed over the past two decades, though, raising concerns about whether historically derived insights are still relevant to contemporary sanctions policies. In this forum, the contributors discuss the scholarly and policy-relevant insights of existing research on sanctions and then explore what gaps remain in our knowledge and new trends in sanctions policymaking. This forum will inform readers on the state of the art in sanctions research and propose avenues for future research.

中文翻译：

---

通货膨胀中的经济制裁：持久的挑战，新的政策和确定未来的研究议程

摘要

决策者采用经济制裁来应对广泛的国际挑战，使其成为必不可少的外交政策工具。尽管有关制裁的奖学金倾向于集中在影响制裁成功的因素上，但已经出现了新的研究计划，以探索威胁和发起制裁的原因，设计和执行制裁的方式及其后果。这项奖学金对经济制裁的运作方式产生了许多新见解，但其中大多数见解都是基于20^世纪20^年代对制裁的观察世纪。在过去的二十年中，政策制定者实施制裁的方式发生了根本变化，这引发了人们的担忧，即从历史上得出的见解是否仍与当代制裁政策相关。在这个论坛上，贡献者讨论了现有的制裁研究在学术和政策方面的见解，然后探讨了我们在知识和制裁政策制定的新趋势方面仍然存在哪些差距。该论坛将向读者介绍制裁研究的最新情况，并为今后的研究提出建议。