Next to a broader agrarian reform, the Peace Accord signed between the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC-EP) and the Colombian Government (2016) was designed to support the voluntary substitution of illicit crops in an attempt to fight drug trafficking. In the municipality of Miranda (Northern Cauca), over 1300 peasant families agreed to eradicate their coca crops and stop their work in coca fields as part of the National Comprehensive Program for the Substitution of Illicit Crops (PNIS). Nearly three years later, the programme has shown little progress based on complementary evidence. First, it has only embraced 38% of the families who declared their will to replace illicit crops; and second, it has delayed commitments regarding access to land and financial and technical assistance for alternative projects. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork, this article brings an insightful and original political ecology perspective to environmental peacebuilding, showing that the promised transformation for marginalized peasant communities has been neglected. We argue that initial solutions for substitution have not only been redirected to benefit green corporate agrarian projects but have also been gradually abandoned by the state, creating different forms of slow environmental violence.

中文翻译：

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哥伦比亚禁毒战争中的缓慢暴力和企业绿化

除了更广泛的土地改革之外，哥伦比亚革命武装力量 (FARC-EP) 与哥伦比亚政府 (2016 年) 签署的和平协议旨在支持自愿替代非法作物以打击贩毒。在米兰达市（北考卡），作为国家非法作物替代综合计划 (PNIS) 的一部分，1300 多个农民家庭同意根除他们的古柯作物并停止他们在古柯田里的工作。近三年后，根据补充证据，该计划几乎没有进展。首先，它只接受了 38% 的宣布愿意替代非法作物的家庭；其次，它延迟了有关获得土地以及替代项目的财政和技术援助的承诺。基于广泛的民族志田野调查，本文为环境和平建设带来了深刻而原始的政治生态学视角，表明对边缘化农民社区的承诺转型被忽视了。我们认为，最初的替代解决方案不仅被重定向到有利于绿色企业农业项目，而且也逐渐被国家抛弃，造成不同形式的缓慢的环境暴力。