The eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important Solanaceae crops, ranking third for total production and economic value in its genus. Herein, we report a high‐quality, chromosome‐scale eggplant reference genome sequence of 1155.8 Mb, with an N50 of 93.9 Mb, which was assembled by combining PacBio long reads and Hi‐C sequencing data. Repetitive sequences occupied 70.1% of the assembly length, and 35,018 high‐confidence protein‐coding genes were annotated based on multiple sources. Comparative analysis revealed 646 species‐specific families and 364 positive selection genes, conferring distinguishing traits on the eggplant. We performed genome‐wide comparative identification of disease resistance genes and discovered an expanded gene family of bacterial spot resistance in eggplant and pepper, but not in tomato and potato. The genes involved in chlorogenic acid synthesis were comprehensively characterized. Highly similar chromosomal distribution patterns of polyphenol oxidase genes were observed in the eggplant, tomato, and potato genomes. The eggplant reference genome sequence will not only facilitate evolutionary studies of the Solanaceae but also facilitate their breeding and improvement.

中文翻译：

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茄子的高质量基因组组装为了解抗病性和绿原酸合成的分子基础提供了见解

茄子 ( Solanum melongenaL.) 是最重要的茄科作物之一，其总产量和经济价值在其属中排名第三。在此，我们报告了 1155.8 Mb 的高质量、染色体​​规模的茄子参考基因组序列，N50 为 93.9 Mb，它是通过结合 PacBio 长读长和 Hi-C 测序数据组装而成的。重复序列占组装长度的 70.1%，基于多个来源注释了 35,018 个高置信度蛋白质编码基因。比较分析揭示了 646 个物种特异性家族和 364 个正选择基因，赋予茄子不同的特征。我们对抗病基因进行了全基因组比较鉴定，并在茄子和辣椒中发现了细菌斑点抗性的扩展基因家族，但在番茄和马铃薯中没有。综合表征了参与绿原酸合成的基因。在茄子、番茄和马铃薯基因组中观察到多酚氧化酶基因的高度相似的染色体分布模式。茄子参考基因组序列不仅有助于茄科的进化研究，而且有助于其育种和改良。