The immigration history of communities can profoundly affect community composition. For instance, early‐arriving species can have a lasting effect on community structure by reducing the invasion success of late‐arriving ones through priority effects. This can be particularly important when early‐arriving communities coalesce with another community during dispersal (mixing) events. However, the outcome of such community coalescence is unknown as we lack knowledge on how different factors influence the persistence of early‐arriving communities and the invasion success of late‐arriving taxa. Therefore, we implemented a full‐factorial experiment with aquatic bacteria where temperature and dispersal rate of a better adapted community were manipulated to test their joint effects on the resistance of early‐arriving communities to invasion, both at community and population level. Our 16S rRNA gene sequencing‐based results showed that invasion success of better adapted late‐arriving bacteria equaled or even exceeded what we expected based on the dispersal ratios of the recipient and invading communities suggesting limited priority effects on the community level. Patterns detected at the population level, however, showed that resistance of aquatic bacteria to invasion might be strengthened by warming as higher temperatures (a) increased the sum of relative abundances of persistent bacteria in the recipient communities, and (b) restricted the total relative abundance of successfully established late‐arriving bacteria. Warming‐enhanced resistance, however, was not always found and its strengths differed between recipient communities and dispersal rates. Nevertheless, our findings highlight the potential role of warming in mitigating the effects of invasion at the population level.

中文翻译：

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变暖介导了水生细菌对社区聚结期间的入侵的抵抗力

社区的移民历史会深刻影响社区的组成。例如，早到物种可以通过优先效应降低晚到物种的入侵成功率，从而对社区结构产生持久影响。当在分散（混合）事件中，早期到达的社区与另一个社区合并时，这一点尤其重要。但是，由于我们缺乏有关不同因素如何影响早进群体的持久性和晚进类群入侵成功的知识，这种社区合并的结果尚不清楚。因此，我们对水生细菌进行了全要素实验，其中对温度和适应性更强的社区的扩散速度进行了控制，以测试它们对早期侵袭社区的抵抗力的联合影响，在社区和人口层面上。我们基于16S rRNA基因测序的结果表明，适应性更好的迟到细菌的入侵成功率等于甚至超过了我们根据受主和入侵社区的分散率所预期的水平，这表明在社区一级的优先作用有限。然而，在种群水平上发现的模式显示，随着温度的升高，变暖可能会增强水生细菌对入侵的抵抗力，因为（a）增加了受体群落中持久性细菌的相对丰度之和，并且（b）限制了总的相对细菌总数。成功建立的大量晚期细菌。然而，并非总是能找到变暖增强的抵抗力，而且其抵抗力在接受者社区和传播率之间也有所不同。尽管如此，