Biochars generally result in short-term positive priming of native soil organic carbon (SOC), but longer-term carbon (C) stabilization, and these effects can be altered by global warming. However, uncertainty remains about the mechanisms associated with these priming effects, temperature sensitivity of native SOC, and microbial responses to biochars of differing properties. To address these knowledge gaps, rice straw biochars (produced at 300 and 800 °C at 2% w/w application rate), and their labile (water extracted) fraction and recalcitrant (chemically oxidized) fraction (obtained from the equivalent weight of biochar) were incubated in a C4 dominated soil at 15, 25, and 35 °C. Our results showed that 300 °C biochar and its recalcitrant fraction resulted in an increased SOC mineralization due to positive priming across the incubation thermosequence. This was likely linked to an observed increase in the abundance of K-strategists (fungi and Actinobacteria). The biochar produced at 800 °C and its recalcitrant fraction resulted in the stabilization of native SOC (i.e., negative priming) at all temperatures, likely due to the adsorptive protection of native SOC by the large surface area. The water extractable C from both biochars generally induced SOC stabilization across the thermosequence, which could be attributed to microbial shifts to r-strategists preferentially utilizing labile C components in biochar. Both biochars increased SOC stabilization with warming from 15 to 25 °C, supporting the role of biochar application in soil C sequestration in cooler regions. The lower SOC stabilization by biochars with temperature increases from 25 to 35 °C was correlated with the biochar-induced increases in fungal growth (K-strategist) under warming. The low-temperature biochar increased the abundance of aromatic C decomposers and concomitantly lowered the Q₁₀ and activation energy (E_a) of native SOC. The findings from this study highlight that the low- and high-temperature biochars can result in various changes in native SOC mineralization, as well as temperature sensitivity, mainly by microbial population alterations and physicochemical interactions.

生物炭通常会导致天然土壤有机碳（SOC）的短期正向引发，而碳（C）的长期稳定则会因全球变暖而改变。但是，与这些引发作用，天然SOC的温度敏感性以及微生物对不同性质生物炭的反应相关的机制仍然不确定。为了解决这些知识差距，稻草生物炭（在300和800°C下以2％w / w的施用量生产）及其不稳定的（提取的水）级分和顽固的（化学氧化的）级分（从等量的生物炭中获得） ）在C4主导的土壤中于15、25和35°C孵育。我们的结果表明，在整个培养过程中，由于启动反应呈阳性，300°C的生物炭及其难降解部分导致SOC矿化增加。这可能与观察到的鱼腥藻数量的增加有关。K-策略师（真菌和放线菌）。在800°C时产生的生物炭及其难降解部分可导致在所有温度下天然SOC的稳定（即负引发），这可能是由于大表面积对天然SOC的吸附保护所致。从通常诱发跨过thermosequence SOC稳定既生物炭的水可提取C，其可以归因于微生物转移到ř-策略师优先利用生物炭中不稳定的C成分。两种生物炭在15至25°C的温度下均能提高SOC的稳定性，从而支持生物炭在较冷地区土壤C固存中的作用。随着温度从25升高到35°C，生物炭产生的较低的SOC稳定与生物炭引起的真菌生长（K-策略家）在升温下的增加相关。低温生物炭增加了芳族C分解剂的含量，同时降低了Q ₁₀和活化能（E _a）。这项研究的发现突出表明，低温和高温生物炭可导致天然SOC矿化以及温度敏感性的各种变化，这主要是由于微生物种群的变化和理化作用引起的。