To catalyze the degradation of lignin in refractory wastewater efficiently, a new nanocomposite with Ru nanoparticles embedded on the surface of TiZrO₄ hollow spheres was fabricated with three method a “sol-gel + calcination + vacuum-impregnation” template method, and the unique binary composition of TiZrO₄/Ru prevented the aggregation of Ru and keep its high activity. During 3-h catalytic-oxidation at 160 °C and 2.0 MPa O₂, 98% alkali lignin was degraded and 70% organic carbon was mineralized with the catalysis of TiZrO₄/Ru, while the values were only 50% and 25% without analysts. The catalyst increased the catalytic-oxidation rate constant k₁ (h⁻¹) of alkali lignin from 0.282 h⁻¹ to 1.175 h⁻¹ because of high-efficiency hydroxyl radical production, as determined by EPR. LC-OCD showed that the catalyst decomposed alkali lignin with molecular weight 1–2 kDa to small molecules. Butyl acetate was the main intermediate product, which should be derived from the auto synthesis of butanol and acetic acid. In addition to high conversion efficiency, the catalyst had good stability with 95% capability after five cycles. In real biogas slurry treatment, an increase of biochemical to COD ratio from 0.28 to 0.51, with obvious decoloration, indicated TiZrO₄/Ru enhanced the biodegradability of the refractory wastewater significantly.

为了有效催化难降解废水中木质素的降解，采用“溶胶-凝胶+煅烧+真空浸渍”模板法和独特的二元法制备了一种新的纳米复合材料，其中Ru纳米粒子嵌入TiZrO ₄空心球表面。TiZrO ₄ / Ru的组成阻止了Ru的聚集并保持其高活性。在160°C和2.0 MPa O _2的条件下进行3小时的催化氧化过程中，在TiZrO ₄ / Ru的催化下，98％的碱性木质素被降解，而70％的有机碳则被矿化，而在没有氧化的情况下，该值仅为50％和25％。分析师。该催化剂使碱性木质素的催化氧化速率常数k ₁（h ^-1）从0.282 h增加。^-1至1.175 h ^-1，这是因为高效的羟基自由基生成（如EPR所确定）。LC-OCD表明，该催化剂将分子量为1-2 kDa的碱性木质素分解为小分子。乙酸丁酯是主要的中间产物，应衍生自丁醇和乙酸的自动合成。除了高转化效率外，该催化剂在五个循环后还具有良好的稳定性和95％的容量。在实际沼气泥浆处理中，生化/ COD比值从0.28增加到0.51，具有明显的脱色，表明TiZrO ₄ / Ru显着提高了耐火废水的生物降解性。