The present research measured participants' event-related brain activity while they performed a Stroop-priming task that induced the implementation of expectancy-based strategic processes. Participants identified a colored (red vs. green) target patch preceded by a prime word (GREEN or RED), with incongruent prime-target pairings being more frequent (75%) than congruent pairs (25%). The prime-target stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) was manipulated at two levels: 300 vs. 700 ms. Participants also performed a change localization task to assess their working memory capacity (WMC). At the 300 ms SOA, all participants presented a Stroop-priming congruency effect (slower responses on incongruent than on congruent trials) and an increased N2 amplitude in incongruent trials, irrespective of their WMC. At the 700-ms SOA, the lower-WMC group showed again a larger negative-going waveform to incongruent targets, whereas the higher-WMC group exhibited a reversed Stroop-priming congruency effect (faster responses to incongruent targets) and the N2 component was absent.

中文翻译：

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工作记忆容量调节基于预期的战略处理：行为和电生理证据

本研究测量了参与者在执行 Stroop 启动任务时与事件相关的大脑活动，该任务诱导了基于期望的战略过程的实施。参与者确定了一个彩色（红色与绿色）目标补丁，前面有一个主要词（绿色或红色），不一致的主要目标配对（75％）比一致对（25％）更频繁。主要目标刺激开始异步 (SOA) 在两个级别进行操作：300 与 700 毫秒。参与者还执行了一项更改本地化任务来评估他们的工作记忆容量 (WMC)。在 300 ms SOA 中，所有参与者都表现出 Stroop 启动一致性效应（对不一致试验的反应比对一致试验的反应慢）和不一致试验中增加的 N2 幅度，而不管他们的 WMC。在 700 毫秒 SOA 上，