Simultaneous application of polarization microscopy and dark field techniques has been used to study the internal structure of microbial cells. The dark field technique displays subtle cell structures like glowing objects on a dark background. In the polarizing microscope, cross polarizing filters along with the first-order quartz compensator and a rotary table show the maximum birefringence of the individual structures. The material containing microorganisms was collected in the villages of Sýkořice and Zbečno (Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area). The objects were studied in a laboratory microscope Carl Zeiss Jena type NfpK equipped with In Ph 160 basic body with variable dark field, special condenser with interchangeable diaphragm apertures, a rotary table, Meopta Praha polarizer, analyzer, first-order quartz compensator from LOMO Sankt Petersburg, and a digital Nikon D 70 DSLR camera. Three orders of microorganisms were studied: Siphonocladales, Chlorococcales, and Peritricha. Anisotropic structures in different amounts and sizes (e.g., granules and microfibrils) or in different configurations (e.g., cell walls or pellicle) have been found in all Protista organisms under study. Filamentous algae of the genus Cladophora (Cladophoraceae, Siphonocladales, Ulvophyceae) featured a strongly birefringent cell wall (shape birefringence) surrounded by less birefringent periphyton (microbial biofilm), at the edges of which cyanobacterial fibers could be recognized—a very important finding. The coccal algae of the genus Scenedesmus (Scenedesmataceae, Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) exhibited not only strongly birefringent granules, but also strongly birefringent microfibrils in the cytoplasm outside the strongly birefringent cell walls—very important finding. Of all the studied microorganisms, the weakest birefringence was shown in the surface membrane (pellicle) of the Vorticella (Vorticellidae, Peritricha, Ciliata). On the other hand, the ring of cilia on the top of the body had a somewhat stronger birefringence—an important finding. In conclusion, the dark field technique provides a high contrast image in the microscope and, if supplemented simultaneously by polarization microscopy, will allow us to partially infer the composition of the examined structures.

偏光显微镜和暗场技术的同时应用已被用于研究微生物细胞的内部结构。暗场技术显示微妙的细胞结构，如黑暗背景上的发光物体。在偏光显微镜中，交叉偏光滤光片与一阶石英补偿器和旋转台一起显示各个结构的最大双折射。含有微生物的材料是在 Sýkořice 和 Zbečno（Křivoklátsko 保护区）村庄收集的。在实验室显微镜 Carl Zeiss Jena 型 NfpK 中研究了这些物体，该显微镜配备了具有可变暗场的 In Ph 160 基体、具有可互换光阑孔径的特殊聚光镜、旋转台、Meopta Praha 偏振器、分析仪、LOMO Sankt Petersburg 的一阶石英补偿器和数码尼康 D 70 数码单反相机。研究了三个微生物目：Siphonoccladales、Chlorococcales 和 Peritricha。在所研究的所有原生生物中都发现了不同数量和大小（例如，颗粒和微纤维）或不同配置（例如，细胞壁或薄膜）的各向异性结构。丝状藻类Cladophora（Cladophoraceae、Siphonocladales、Ulvophyceae）具有强烈的双折射细胞壁（形状双折射），周围环绕着较少双折射的附生生物（微生物生物膜），在其边缘可以识别蓝藻纤维——这是一个非常重要的发现。属的藻类球菌栅藻（Scenedesmataceae，Chlorococcales，绿藻）显示出不仅强烈的双折射颗粒，但也强烈双折射微纤维在细胞质外的强双折射细胞壁-非常重要的发现。在所有研究的微生物中，最弱的双折射出现在Vorticella的表面膜（薄膜）中（涡虫科，Peritricha，纤毛虫）。另一方面，身体顶部的纤毛环具有更强的双折射——这是一个重要的发现。总之，暗场技术在显微镜下提供了高对比度图像，如果同时辅以偏光显微镜，将使我们能够部分推断被检查结构的组成。