We investigated the landscape epidemiology of a globally distributed mammal, the wild pig (Sus scrofa), in Florida (U.S.), where it is considered an invasive species and reservoir to pathogens that impact the health of people, domestic animals, and wildlife. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that two commonly cited factors in disease transmission, connectivity among populations and abundant resources, would increase the likelihood of exposure to both pseudorabies virus (PrV) and Brucella spp. (bacterial agent of brucellosis) in wild pigs across the Kissimmee Valley of Florida. Using DNA from 348 wild pigs and sera from 320 individuals at 24 sites, we employed population genetic techniques to infer individual dispersal, and an Akaike information criterion framework to compare candidate logistic regression models that incorporated both dispersal and land cover composition. Our findings suggested that recent dispersal conferred higher odds of exposure to PrV, but not Brucella spp., among wild pigs throughout the Kissimmee Valley region. Odds of exposure also increased in association with agriculture and open canopy pine, prairie, and scrub habitats, likely because of highly localized resources within those land cover types. Because the effect of open canopy on PrV exposure reversed when agricultural cover was available, we suggest that small-scale resource distribution may be more important than overall resource abundance. Our results underscore the importance of studying and managing disease dynamics through multiple processes and spatial scales, particularly for non-native pathogens that threaten wildlife conservation, economy, and public health.

我们调查了佛罗里达州（美国）全球分布的哺乳动物野猪 ( Sus scrofa ) 的景观流行病学，该地区被认为是入侵物种和病原体的宿主，会影响人类、家畜和野生动物的健康。具体来说，我们检验了以下假设，即疾病传播中的两个常见因素、人群之间的连通性和丰富的资源，会增加接触伪狂犬病病毒 (PrV) 和布鲁氏菌的可能性spp. （布鲁氏菌病的细菌因子）在佛罗里达州基西米谷的野猪中。使用来自 24 个地点的 348 头野猪的 DNA 和来自 320 个人的血清，我们采用群体遗传技术来推断个体分散，并使用 Akaike 信息标准框架来比较包含分散和土地覆盖组成的候选逻辑回归模型。我们的研究结果表明，最近的传播使暴露于 PrV 的几率更高，但布鲁氏菌没有spp.，在整个基西米谷地区的野猪中。与农业和开放的树冠松树、草原和灌木栖息地相关的暴露几率也增加了，这可能是因为这些土地覆盖类型内的资源高度本地化。因为当农业覆盖可用时，开放树冠对 PrV 暴露的影响逆转，我们建议小规模资源分布可能比整体资源丰富度更重要。我们的研究结果强调了通过多个过程和空间尺度研究和管理疾病动态的重要性，特别是对于威胁野生动物保护、经济和公共卫生的非本地病原体。