Purpose of Review

This paper presents a review of the current literature in support of a model explaining the relationships between sleep health and risk for type 2 diabetes in adolescents.

Recent Findings

Short sleep duration is associated with risk of developing obesity in youth. Sleep restriction increases energy expenditure, but also increases hunger, appetite, and food intake, causing positive energy balance, impacting appetite-regulating hormones, and leading to increased eating late at night. Insufficient sleep may lead to reduced physical activity and greater sedentary behaviors. In addition, short sleep duration is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. The cumulative negative consequences of insufficient sleep increase risk for type 2 diabetes. Applications to clinical care, public policy, and future research are discussed.

Summary

Insufficient sleep in adolescence increases risk for type 2 diabetes directly through impact on insulin sensitivity and indirectly through increased dietary intake, sedentary activity, and weight gain.

中文翻译：

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青少年睡眠健康和 2 型糖尿病风险模型

审查目的

本文回顾了当前文献，以支持解释青少年睡眠健康与 2 型糖尿病风险之间关系的模型。

最近的发现

睡眠时间短与青少年肥胖的风险有关。睡眠限制会增加能量消耗，但也会增加饥饿感、食欲和食物摄入，导致能量正平衡，影响食欲调节激素，并导致深夜进食增加。睡眠不足可能导致体力活动减少和久坐行为增多。此外，睡眠时间短与胰岛素敏感性降低有关。睡眠不足的累积负面后果会增加患 2 型糖尿病的风险。讨论了临床护理、公共政策和未来研究的应用。

概括

青春期睡眠不足会通过影响胰岛素敏感性直接增加患 2 型糖尿病的风险，并通过增加饮食摄入、久坐活动和体重增加间接增加患 2 型糖尿病的风险。