Introduction

The 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an intractable global health challenge resulting in an aberrant rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mode of entry for SARS-CoV-2 into host cells occurs through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. As part of the efforts to mitigate COVID-19 infections, rapid and accurate detection methods, as well as smart vaccine and drug designs with SARS-CoV-2 targeting capabilities are critically needed. This systematic review aimed to present a good mapping between the structural and functional characteristics of aptamers and their potential applications in COVID-19 theranostics.

Methods

In this study, extensive discussions into the potential development of aptameric systems as robust theranostics for rapid mitigation of the virulent SARS-CoV-2 was made. Information required for this study were extracted from a systematic review of literature in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), and other official related reports from reputable organisations.

Results

The global burden of COVID-19 pandemic was discussed including the progress in rapid detection, repurposing of existing antiviral drugs, and development of prophylactic vaccines. Aptamers have highly specific and stable target binding characteristics which can be generated and engineered with less complexity for COVID-19 targeted theranostic applications.

Conclusions

There is an urgent need to develop safe innovative biomedical technologies to mitigate the dire impact of COVID-19 on public health worldwide. Research advances into aptameric systems bode well with the fact that they can be engineered for the development of effective and affordable diagnostics, therapeutics and prophylactic vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens.

中文翻译：

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用于增强 COVID-19 治疗诊断的工程适体

 介绍

2019 年新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 是一项棘手的全球健康挑战，导致全球发病率和死亡率异常高。 SARS-CoV-2 进入宿主细胞的方式是通过网格蛋白介导的内吞作用发生的。作为减轻 COVID-19 感染努力的一部分，迫切需要快速、准确的检测方法，以及具有 SARS-CoV-2 靶向能力的智能疫苗和药物设计。本系统综述旨在展示适配体的结构和功能特征及其在 COVID-19 治疗诊断学中的潜在应用之间的良好映射。

 方法

在这项研究中，广泛讨论了适体系统作为快速缓解剧毒 SARS-CoV-2 的强大治疗诊断学的潜在发展。本研究所需的信息摘自对 PubMed、SCOPUS、Web of Science (WOS) 和其他知名组织的官方相关报告的文献的系统回顾。

 结果

会议讨论了 COVID-19 大流行的全球负担，包括快速检测、现有抗病毒药物的重新利用以及预防性疫苗的开发方面的进展。适配体具有高度特异性和稳定的目标结合特性，可以以较低的复杂性生成和设计用于 COVID-19 靶向治疗应用。

 结论

迫切需要开发安全的创新生物医学技术，以减轻 COVID-19 对全球公共卫生的可怕影响。适体系统的研究进展预示着这样一个事实：它们可以被设计用于开发有效且负担得起的针对 SARS-CoV-2 和其他传染性病原体的诊断、治疗和预防疫苗。