The present research proposes an extensive assay of photonic band gap (PBG) characteristics for transverse electric field polarization in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) structures, with a vision to sense different groups of alcohol like methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and phenol. The plane wave expansion (PWE) technique is implemented for realization of PBG in two types of lattice configurations such as square lattice and triangular lattice with circular air holes. Various structure parameters like radius of the circular air holes, lattice constant, nature of the background material, arrangement of air holes and period of air holes are meticulously optimized for envisaging a complete band gap. A variety of unpredicted trends are observed in the simulation outcomes, which include a substantial shift in band gap width, band gap size, reflected wavelength, reflected light intensity and transmitted light intensity for different types of alcohols. Also, the effect of air filling fraction on the band gap size has been investigated by selecting different radius of circular air holes. Apart from this, high sensitivity of 1645 nm/RIU and resolution of \(6.07\times {10}^{-5}\) RIU is attained with the proposed structures, which pave the path for different bio-sensing applications.

本研究提出了一种二维（2D）光子晶体（PhC）结构中用于横向电场极化的光子带隙（PBG）特性的广泛测定方法，旨在检测不同种类的醇，例如甲醇，乙醇，丙醇，丁醇和苯酚。实施平面波扩展（PWE）技术以实现PBG的两种类型的晶格配置，例如带有圆形气孔的正方形晶格和三角形晶格。精心设计了各种结构参数，例如圆形气孔的半径，晶格常数，背景材料的性质，气孔的排列和气孔的周期，以实现完整的带隙。在模拟结果中观察到了各种不可预测的趋势，包括带隙宽度的显着变化，不同类型醇的带隙大小，反射波长，反射光强度和透射光强度。另外，通过选择不同的圆形气孔半径，研究了空气填充率对带隙尺寸的影响。除此之外，它还具有1645 nm / RIU的高灵敏度和\（6.07 \ times {10} ^ {-5} \） RIU通过所提出的结构得以实现，为不同的生物传感应用铺平了道路。