The most widely used method of flushing of reservoirs is to remove the deposited sediment through the bottom outlets. The size and shape of gates affect the outflow volume of water, the volume of removed sediments, and flushing efficiency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the area, number and shape of the bottom outlet gates on the velocity, concentration, and volume of the removed sediments and the dimensions of the flushing cone. Four different shapes with the same area were used for this purpose. Moreover, to study the effect of area and number of gates on flushing efficiency, circular gates with two different diameters were used. In this research, various pressure flushing modes were simulated using the Flow-3D model. Calibration and evaluation of this model were performed based on experimental findings. Results showed the parameters of the Flow-3D measures such as length, width, maximum depth, and flushing cone size with an average error of 3%, which is in good agreement with experimental results. As the area of the outlet gates increases, flushing is less risky in viewpoints of the operation process. Furthermore, the gate with a horizontal-rectangular section has an optimal shape with the highest flushing efficiency.

最广泛使用的冲洗水库的方法是通过底部出口清除沉积的沉积物。闸门的大小和形状会影响水的流出量，清除的沉积物的量以及冲洗效率。这项研究的目的是研究底部出口闸门的面积，数量和形状对清除的沉积物的速度，浓度和体积以及冲洗锥的尺寸的影响。具有相同面积的四个不同形状用于此目的。此外，为了研究闸门的面积和数量对冲洗效率的影响，使用了两个直径不同的圆形闸门。在这项研究中，使用Flow-3D模型模拟了各种压力冲洗模式。基于实验结果对该模型进行校准和评估。结果表明，Flow-3D测量参数的长度，宽度，最大深度和冲洗锥大小等参数的平均误差为3％，与实验结果非常吻合。随着出口浇口面积的增加，从操作过程的角度来看，冲洗的风险较小。此外，具有水平矩形截面的闸门具有最佳的形状，具有最高的冲洗效率。