Key message

Dimethylhexadecylamine, a bacterial compound, promoted strawberry achene germination and a long-lasting effect on plant growth; furthermore, it induced necrotrophic pathogen resistance possibly through crosstalk with the jasmonic acid pathway.

Abstract

Dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHDA) is a volatile compound produced by different beneficial plant bacteria. DMHDA induces growth and activates the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway in plants. In this study, we analyzed the effects of synthetic DMHDA on achene germination, as well as the long-term effect on plant growth and plant pathogen resistance in vitro in strawberry plants. Strawberry achenes treated with 32 µM DMHDA showed a three-fold increase in germination rates compared with untreated achenes, and plants from achenes germinated with 64 µM DMHDA grew four times larger than plants from untreated achenes. When plants were cultured in vitro with DMHDA as a continuous stimulus, they produced 40% less shoot growth but showed an up to four-fold increase in crown weight compared with control plants. DHMDA also induced resistance significantly against the necrotrophic pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea in strawberry. Our data showed that the bacterial volatile compound DMHDA regulated achene germination and produced a long-lasting effect on plant growth; furthermore, it induced a defense priming response against a necrotrophic pathogen. Crosstalk between DMHDA and the JA and salicylic acid pathways, as a potential mechanisms of action underlying these effects, is also discussed.

中文翻译：

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二甲基十六烷基胺，一种细菌挥发性化合物，可调节草莓属（Fragaria×ananassa）的瘦果萌发，体外生长和防御启动

关键信息

二甲基十六烷基胺是一种细菌性化合物，可促进草莓瘦果发芽，并对植物生长具有持久作用；此外，它可能通过与茉莉酸途径的串扰诱导出坏死性病原体抗性。

抽象

二甲基十六烷基胺（DMHDA）是由不同的有益植物细菌产生的挥发性化合物。DMHDA诱导植物生长并激活茉莉酸（JA）信号传导途径。在这项研究中，我们分析了合成DMHDA对瘦果种子萌发的影响，以及对草莓植物体外植物生长和植物病原体抗性的长期影响。与未处理的瘦果相比，用32 µM DMHDA处理的草莓瘦果的发芽率提高了三倍，而用64 µM DMHDA发芽的瘦果的植物长出的三倍于未处理的瘦果的植物。当使用DMHDA作为连续刺激物在体外培养植物时，与对照植物相比，它们的芽生长减少40％，但冠重增加多达四倍。在草莓中的灰葡萄孢。我们的数据表明，细菌挥发性化合物DMHDA可以调节瘦果的萌发并对植物的生长产生持久的影响。此外，它诱导了针对坏死性病原体的防御启动反应。还讨论了DMHDA与JA和水杨酸途径之间的串扰，这些潜在的潜在作用机理。