Abstract: Local anesthetics have the advantage of complete analgesia with fewer side effects compared to systemic analgesics. However, their clinical use is limited due to their short duration of action. Thus, local anesthetics with fast onset, long duration of action, selective nociceptive block, and low local and systemic toxicity are highly desirable. In the past electrophysiological studies, quaternary lidocaine derivatives (QLDs) showed these characteristics. Here, we review electrophysiological properties of QLDs and their pharmacodynamic characteristics to shed light on potential problems.

Keywords: lidocaine, local anesthetics, derivatives, QX-314


中文翻译：

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四元利多卡因衍生物：过去、现在和未来

【摘要】：局部麻醉药与全身镇痛药相比,具有镇痛彻底、副作用少的优点。然而，由于其作用持续时间短，它们的临床应用受到限制。因此，具有起效快、作用持续时间长、选择性伤害性阻滞和低局部和全身毒性的局麻药是非常需要的。在过去的电生理研究中，季利多卡因衍生物 (QLD) 显示出这些特征。在这里，我们回顾了 QLD 的电生理学特性及其药效学特性，以阐明潜在的问题。

关键词：利多卡因，局部麻醉药，衍生物，QX-314