Background: Host and niche shifts are a source of genomic and phenotypic diversification as evidenced in parasitism. Exemplary is core metabolism reduction as parasites adapt to a particular host, while the accessory genome often maintains a high degree of diversification. However, selective pressures acting on the genome of organisms that have undergone lifestyle or host change have not been fully investigated. Results: Here, we developed a comparative genomics approach to study underlying adaptive trends in oomycetes, a eukaryotic phylum with a broad range of economically important plant and animal parasitic lifestyles. Our analysis reveals converging evolution on biological processes for oomycetes that have similar lifestyle. Besides, we find that certain functions, in particular carbohydrate metabolism, transport, and signaling, are important for host and environmental adaption in oomycetes. Discussion: Given the high correlation between lifestyle and genome properties in our oomycete dataset and the convergent evolution of fungal and oomycete genomes, we have developed a model that predicts plant pathogen lifestyles with high accuracy based on functional annotations. Understanding how genomes and selective pressures correlate with lifestyle may be crucial to identify new emerging diseases and pandemic threats.

中文翻译：

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从卵菌的阳性选择数据和基因组特性预测生活方式和宿主

背景：寄主和生态位的转变是基因组和表型多样化的一个来源，如寄生虫所证明的。典型的是核心代谢的减少，因为寄生虫适应了特定的宿主，而辅助基因组通常保持高度的多样化。然而，尚未充分研究作用于经历过生活方式或宿主改变的生物的基因组上的选择性压力。结果：在这里，我们开发了一种比较基因组学方法来研究卵菌的潜在适应性趋势，卵菌是一种真核生物门，具有广泛的对经济重要的动植物寄生性生活方式。我们的分析揭示了具有相似生活方式的卵菌在生物过程中的融合进化。此外，我们发现某些功能，特别是碳水化合物的代谢，运输和信号传导，对于卵菌的宿主和环境适应性很重要。讨论：鉴于我们卵石数据集中的生活方式和基因组特性之间的高度相关性以及真菌和卵菌基因组的趋同进化，我们开发了一种模型，该模型可以基于功能注释高精度地预测植物病原体的生活方式。了解基因组和选择性压力如何与生活方式相关联对于识别新出现的疾病和流行病威胁可能至关重要。