Promoting the viability of rural areas is a major objective of the European development and agricultural policies. One of the key aspects for the success of these policies is represented by the possibility to monitor the quality of life in all of its dimensions: social, economic, and environmental. The implementation of tools capable of pointing out the principal criticalities of human satisfaction is complex whether we are referring to the very definition of the concept of well-being or to the operative aspects in evaluating its components. We propose an approach to evaluate community well-being in which the fundamental components are defined referencing Sen's Theory of Capabilities and measured via questionnaires whose purpose is to subjectively evaluate each component on the level of territory of residence. This methodology has been applied to the case of rural areas in Tuscany (Italy). The results show that the main determinants of well-being are the individual perceptions concerning economic condition, security, environmental quality, and educational opportunities.

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评估农村生存能力和福祉：来自托斯卡纳边缘地区的证据

促进农村地区的生存能力是欧洲发展和农业政策的主要目标。这些政策成功的关键因素之一是能够从各个方面监测生活质量：社会、经济和环境。无论我们是指幸福感概念的定义本身，还是评估其组成部分的操作方面，能够指出人类满意度的主要关键点的工具的实施都是复杂的。我们提出了一种评估社区福祉的方法，其中参考森的能力理论定义了基本组成部分，并通过调查问卷进行测量，其目的是主观评估居住地区水平上的每个组成部分。该方法已应用于托斯卡纳（意大利）农村地区的案例。结果表明，幸福感的主要决定因素是个人对经济状况、安全、环境质量和教育机会的看法。