This article focuses on the inference on the errors in manufactured parts controlled by using measurements devices. The characterization of the part surface topographies is core in several applications. A broad set of properties (tribological, optical, biological, mechanical, etc.) depends on the micro- and macrogeometry of the parts. Moreover, parts usually show typical deterministic geometric deviation pattern, referred to as manufacturing signatures, due to the specific manufacturing processes and process setup parameters adopted for their production. In several situations, the measurements may also be affected by systematic errors due to the measurement process, that might be caused, for example, by a poor part alignment during the measurement process. Measurement techniques and characterization methods have been standardized in the International Standard ISO 25178, defining parameters characterizing the surface topography and supplying methods and formula adapt to deal with this issue computationally. In the present article, we consider a type of spatial dependence between measured values at different points that suggest the use of the variogram to identify patterns in the parts. We offer a comparison, based on a real set of measures, between the latter approach and the conventional as a test of the efficient performance of our findings.

中文翻译：

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工业零件误差推断：克里金法和变异函数与几何产品规格标准

本文重点介绍对使用测量设备控制的制造零件中的误差的推断。零件表面形貌的表征是多种应用的核心。一系列广泛的特性（摩擦学、光学、生物、机械等）取决于零件的微观和宏观几何形状。此外，由于其生产采用的特定制造工艺和工艺设置参数，零件通常显示出典型的确定性几何偏差模式，称为制造特征。在一些情况下，测量也可能受到测量过程中系统误差的影响，这可能是由于测量过程中部件对准不良等原因造成的。测量技术和表征方法已在国际标准 ISO 25178 中标准化，定义了表征表面形貌的参数，并提供了适用于计算处理此问题的方法和公式。在本文中，我们考虑了不同点测量值之间的一种空间相关性，这表明使用变异函数来识别零件中的模式。我们根据一组真实的措施，在后一种方法和传统方法之间进行比较，以测试我们发现的有效性能。我们考虑了不同点测量值之间的一种空间相关性，这表明使用变异函数来识别零件中的模式。我们根据一组真实的措施，在后一种方法和传统方法之间进行比较，以测试我们发现的有效性能。我们考虑了不同点测量值之间的一种空间相关性，这表明使用变异函数来识别零件中的模式。我们根据一组真实的措施，在后一种方法和传统方法之间进行比较，以测试我们发现的有效性能。