The interface of mediums with refractive indices discontinuous, e.g. air-glass and glass-water, are inevitable in microscopic imaging. In this work, the aberration of oblique interface with refractive index discontinuous on the laser scanning microscope was investigated theoretically with numerical simulations. It was found that the position, shape and FWHM of focal spots, were all significantly affected by the aberration due to oblique interface. The aberration can cause serious shifting of focal spots in the axial direction of beam during z-scanning and lead to an inaccurate reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) targets. The aberration can also lead to a decreasing spatial resolution. To correct the influence of the aberration, a pure-phase modulation method has been proposed. By applying a phase compensation map into a spatial light modulator (SLM), the oblique interface aberration had been corrected experimentally in a laser scanning microscope. We hope this research can attract the attention of researchers when using scanning microscope, especially for reconstructing 3D biological and material structures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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斜界面引起的折射率不连续激发焦斑像差及激光扫描显微镜纯相位补偿校正

具有不连续折射率的介质的界面，例如空气-玻璃和玻璃-水，在显微成像中是不可避免的。在这项工作中，通过数值模拟从理论上研究了激光扫描显微镜上折射率不连续的斜界面的像差。研究发现，焦点的位置、形状和FWHM都受到倾斜界面引起的像差的显着影响。在z扫描过程中，像差会导致焦点在光束轴向上的严重偏移，并导致三维（3D）目标的重建不准确。像差还可能导致空间分辨率降低。为了纠正像差的影响，提出了一种纯相位调制方法。通过将相位补偿图应用到空间光调制器 (SLM) 中，斜界面像差已在激光扫描显微镜中通过实验得到校正。我们希望这项研究能够在使用扫描显微镜时引起研究人员的注意，特别是在重建 3D 生物和材料结构方面。本文受版权保护。版权所有。