Design and fabrication of biologically active cryogels using novel biopolymer(s) are still of great importance at regenerating bone defects such as traumatic bone injuries, maxillofacial surgery, osteomyelitis, and osteoporosis. Nowadays, plant mucilage, an herbal biomaterial, has been drawn attention by scientists due to their marvelous potential to fabricate 3-dimensional (3D) physical constructs for the field of regenerative medicine. Herein, a 3D cryogel from silicon-integrated quince seed mucilage (QSM) is constructed using microwave-assisted sol–gel reaction, characterized in-depth by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), solid-state silicon cross-polarization magic-angle nuclear magnetic resonance (²⁹Si-CP-MAS NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), micro-mechanical testing, porosity, and swelling tests, contact angle measurements, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET-BJH) analysis, enzymatic biodegradation test, and field emission-scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM-EDX) mapping. The osteobiologic capacity of the cryogels is determined using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) under in vitro conditions. Osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs on both QSM and silica-modified QSM (Si-QSM) cryogels is analyzed by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative-real time (q-RT) PCR techniques. The results obtained from in vitro experiments demonstrate that the upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes in Si-QSM cryogels presents a stronger and earlier development over QSM cryogels throughout the culture period, which in turn reveals the great potential of this novel Si-incorporated QSM cryogels for bone tissue engineering applications.

DESIG n和使用新颖的生物聚合物（或多个）的生物活性的冷冻凝胶制造仍然非常重要的在再生的骨缺损如创伤性骨损伤，颌面外科，骨髓炎，骨质疏松等。如今，由于植物粘液是一种草药生物材料，由于其在再生医学领域中制造3维（3D）物理构造的惊人潜力，已经引起了科学家的关注。本文中，利用微波辅助的溶胶-凝胶反应，从硅集成的木瓜种子黏液（QSM）中构建了3D冷冻凝胶，其特征是通过衰减的全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR），固态硅交叉极化魔角核磁共振（²⁹Si-CP-MAS NMR），X射线衍射（XRD），热重分析（TGA），差示扫描量热仪（DSC），微机械测试，孔隙率和溶胀测试，接触角测量，Brunauer-Emmet-Teller和Barret-Joyner-Halenda（BET-BJH）分析，酶促生物降解测试和场发射扫描电子显微镜-能量色散X射线光谱（FE-SEM-EDX）绘图。在体外条件下，使用人脂肪来源的间充质干细胞（hAMSC）确定冷冻凝胶的骨生物学能力。通过组织化学，免疫组织化学和定量实时（q-RT）PCR技术分析了QSM和硅胶修饰的QSM（Si-QSM）冷冻凝胶上hAMSC的成骨分化。从体外获得的结果 实验表明，在整个培养期间，Si-QSM低温晶体中成骨相关基因的上调呈现出比QSM低温晶体更强和更早的发展，这反过来揭示了这种新型的掺Si的QSM低温晶体在骨组织工程应用中的巨大潜力。