Herbicides constitute one of the major problems in the environment mainly because of their ability to entering into plant and microorganisms metabolic pathways. The aim of the study was to give an insight into behaviour of selected herbicides: MCPA and sulfosulfuron in soil/plants after Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens application. The single first-order degradation model (SFO) was used to simulate the decrease of residual mass of herbicides in the soil/wheat system with/without bacteria using LC-MS/MS. The greatest loss of MCPA concentration was noticed in soil enriched with B. cereus (99.7%) on 31st day from application, while the highest decrease of sulfosulfuron was determined in soil enriched with P. fluorescens (97%) on 46th day from application. In wheat, the greatest pesticides loss (98%–99.8%) was noticed on 31st day from application, without bacteria addition. The study presents the influence of pesticides on enzyme in soil, where the higher average dehydrogenase activity was observed for combination with B. cereus approx. 150% as compared to the control. Moreover, pesticides impact on catalase, superoxide dismutase and NADH peroxidase activity, level of lipid peroxidation, thiol content in plants was determined. Increased reactive oxygen species production caused an oxidation of thiol groups and lipid peroxidation. The obtained results indicated that the use of B. cereus and P. fluorescens may reduce harmful effects of stress caused by herbicides. The presented study is the first step in the analysis of chemical and biological properties changes in the soil/wheat system after the application of herbicides and microorganisms.

除草剂构成环境中的主要问题之一，主要是因为它们具有进入植物和微生物的代谢途径的能力。该研究的目的是深入了解选定的除草剂：蜡状芽孢杆菌和荧光假单胞菌施用后在土壤/植物中的MCPA和磺胺磺隆的行为。使用LC-MS / MS，使用单一一级降解模型（SFO）模拟有/无细菌的土壤/小麦系统中除草剂残留量的减少。施用后第31天，富含蜡状芽孢杆菌的土壤中MCPA浓度的损失最大（99.7％），而富含荧光假单胞菌的土壤中磺胺磺隆的下降最大。（97％）在申请后第46天开始。在小麦施用后第31天，未添加细菌的情况下，农药损失最大（98％至99.8％）。该研究提出了农药对土壤中酶的影响，其中与蜡状芽孢杆菌（B. cereus）联合使用时观察到较高的平均脱氢酶活性。与对照相比为150％。此外，测定了农药对过氧化氢酶，超氧化物歧化酶和NADH过氧化物酶活性，脂质过氧化水平，植物中硫醇含量的影响。活性氧产生的增加导致巯基的氧化和脂质过氧化。获得的结果表明蜡状芽孢杆菌和荧光假单胞菌的使用可以减少除草剂引起的压力的有害影响。提出的研究是分析施用除草剂和微生物后土壤/小麦系统化学和生物学特性变化的第一步。